Takeda N, Hasegawa S, Morita M, Horii A, Uno A, Yamatodani A, Matsunaga T
Department of Otolaryngology, Osaka University Medical School, Suita, Japan.
Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 1995 Dec;17(10):647-52.
The effects of diphenhydramine, domperidone, ondansetron, and diphenidol on cisplatin-induced pica (i.e., kaolin ingestion) in rats as the measure analogous to emesis in other species were examined. Ondansetron (2 mg/kg) and diphenidol (30 mg/kg) inhibited kaolin intake induced by cisplatin (10 mg/kg), but diphenhydramine and domperidone did not. Diphenhydramine and diphenidol have been shown to inhibit kaolin intake induced by double rotation, while domperidone and ondansetron did not, and kaolin intake induced by apomorphine was inhibited by domperidone and diphenidol, but not by diphenhydramine or ondansetron. These observations, together with the present findings, suggest that the emetic pathways through the inner ear (double rotation), chemoreceptor trigger zone (apomorphine) and visceral afferent (cisplatin), are pharmacologically independent and are mediated by histamine H1 receptors, dopamine D2 receptors and serotonin 5-HT3 receptors, respectively. It is conceivable that diphenidol may inhibit the emetic center itself, although the receptor on which it acts is not known.
研究了苯海拉明、多潘立酮、昂丹司琼和地芬尼多对顺铂诱导大鼠异食癖（即摄入高岭土）的影响，以此作为类似于其他物种呕吐的指标。昂丹司琼（2毫克/千克）和地芬尼多（30毫克/千克）抑制了顺铂（10毫克/千克）诱导的高岭土摄入，但苯海拉明和多潘立酮没有。已表明苯海拉明和地芬尼多可抑制双旋转诱导的高岭土摄入，而多潘立酮和昂丹司琼则不能，阿扑吗啡诱导的高岭土摄入可被多潘立酮和地芬尼多抑制，但不能被苯海拉明或昂丹司琼抑制。这些观察结果与目前的发现表明，通过内耳（双旋转）、化学感受器触发区（阿扑吗啡）和内脏传入神经（顺铂）的催吐途径在药理学上是独立的，分别由组胺H1受体、多巴胺D2受体和5-羟色胺5-HT3受体介导。可以想象，地芬尼多可能抑制催吐中枢本身，尽管其作用的受体尚不清楚。
