Pesce C, Musi L, Belloli G
Divisione di Chirurgia Pediatrica, Ospedale Regionale di Vicenza, Italia.
Pediatr Med Chir. 1996 Sep-Oct;18(5):451-61.
Surgery is the cornerstone in the management of congenital bronchopulmonary diseases. This term include a wide spectrum of malformative anomalies subdivided clinically into cystic and solid lesions. Bronchogenic cyst (BC), cystic adenomatoid malformation (CAM) and congenital lobar overinflation (CLO) are congenital cystic lesions. Pulmonary sequestration (PS) and pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAM) are congenital solid lesions. As a group, congenital bronchopulmonary diseases require removal in order to reduce potentially life-threatening infection and respiratory distress. Bronchopulmonary infections and neoplasms constitutes acquired bronchopulmonary diseases. Improvement in antibiotic therapy has reduced the place of surgery in the current treatment of bronchopulmonary infections. At present, the failure of medical therapy and the appearance of complications are the most common indications for operative treatment. Although these problems are not as common now, at times they required surgical intervention. Finally bronchopulmonary neoplasms are unusual in the pediatric age group. As a result, experience with the diagnosis, management and prognosis is limited. However, the complete surgical resection offers the best chance for survival in the large majority of cases.
手术是先天性支气管肺疾病治疗的基石。该术语涵盖了广泛的畸形异常,临床上可细分为囊性和实性病变。支气管源性囊肿(BC)、囊性腺瘤样畸形(CAM)和先天性肺叶气肿(CLO)是先天性囊性病变。肺隔离症(PS)和肺动静脉畸形(PAM)是先天性实性病变。作为一个整体,先天性支气管肺疾病需要切除以减少潜在的危及生命的感染和呼吸窘迫。支气管肺部感染和肿瘤构成获得性支气管肺疾病。抗生素治疗的改进减少了手术在当前支气管肺部感染治疗中的应用。目前,药物治疗失败和并发症的出现是手术治疗最常见的指征。虽然这些问题现在不那么常见了,但有时仍需要手术干预。最后,支气管肺部肿瘤在儿童年龄组中并不常见。因此,在诊断、治疗和预后方面的经验有限。然而,在大多数情况下,完整的手术切除提供了最佳的生存机会。