Delaunay S, Dussault R G, Kaplan P A, Alford B A
Department of Radiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla 10595, USA.
Skeletal Radiol. 1997 Feb;26(2):75-81. doi: 10.1007/s002560050197.
Hip dysplasia is a not uncommon feature in adults and can vary from subtle acetabular dysplasia to complex sequelae of developmental dysplasia of the hip. This review article describes the most useful radiographic measurements used to evaluate the adult hip. The frontal projection of the pelvis permits measurement of the center-edge angle (CE angle) and "horizontal toit externe" angle (HTE angle), both of which assess the superior coverage of the acetabulum. The femoral neck-shaft angle (NSA) is also measured on this view. The false profile radiograph of the pelvis is described. It allows measurement of the vertical-center-anterior angle (VCA angle), which determines the anterior acetabular coverage and detects early degenerative hip joint disease. When surgery is contemplated, computed tomography (CT) is useful to better determine the anterior acetabular coverage by use of the anterior acetabular sector angle (AASA), and the posterior acetabular coverage by use of the posterior acetabular sector angle (PASA). CT also permits measurement of femoral anteversion. These measurements are particularly useful in the evaluation of acetabular dysplasia and for the preoperative assessment of the dysplastic hip.
髋关节发育不良在成年人中并不罕见，其表现多样，从轻微的髋臼发育不良到髋关节发育异常的复杂后遗症不等。这篇综述文章描述了用于评估成人髋关节的最有用的影像学测量方法。骨盆的正位片可测量中心边缘角（CE角）和“外侧屋顶”角（HTE角），二者均可评估髋臼的上方覆盖情况。在此视图上还可测量股骨颈干角（NSA）。文中描述了骨盆的假斜位X线片。它可测量垂直中心前角（VCA角），该角可确定髋臼的前方覆盖情况并检测早期髋关节退行性疾病。当考虑手术时，计算机断层扫描（CT）有助于通过髋臼前扇形角（AASA）更好地确定髋臼的前方覆盖情况，并通过髋臼后扇形角（PASA）确定髋臼的后方覆盖情况。CT还可测量股骨前倾角。这些测量方法在评估髋臼发育不良和发育异常髋关节的术前评估中特别有用。
