Allsop S, Saunders B, Phillips M, Carr A
National Centre for Education and Training on Addiction, Flinders University of South Australia, Australia.
Addiction. 1997 Jan;92(1):61-73.
Over the last two decades, relapse prevention has emerged as a major focus of the treatment of drug problems. Few studies have demonstrated any impact on generally high relapse rates. In this paper the outcome of a controlled trial of a relapse prevention programme with male problem drinkers (n = 60) attending an Alcohol Treatment Unit is reported. Subjects who met the inclusion criteria were allocated to a relapse prevention (n = 20) procedure or a discussion (n = 20) or no-additional treatment (n = 20) control procedure. Subjects were followed-up at 6 and 12 months by the first author. The relapse prevention programme was associated with significantly greater increases in pre- and post-treatment self-efficacy compared to the discussion control group and significantly greater probability of total abstinence than all controls over the first 6-month follow up. In addition, the relapse prevention programme was associated with significantly longer survival time to an initial lapse and relapse than the controls. At 12-month follow-up, treatment effects had been eroded. It was concluded that the relapse prevention programme was an effective treatment in the short term and that longer-term impact may require greater focus on maintenance factors, such as the individual's environment.
在过去二十年中，预防复发已成为药物问题治疗的一个主要重点。很少有研究表明对普遍较高的复发率有任何影响。本文报告了一项针对在酒精治疗单元接受治疗的男性问题饮酒者（n = 60）的预防复发计划的对照试验结果。符合纳入标准的受试者被分配到预防复发程序组（n = 20）、讨论组（n = 20）或无额外治疗的对照组（n = 20）。第一作者在6个月和12个月时对受试者进行了随访。与讨论对照组相比，预防复发计划与治疗前和治疗后自我效能的显著更大提高相关，并且在最初的6个月随访中，完全戒酒的可能性比所有对照组显著更高。此外，与对照组相比，预防复发计划与首次失误和复发的存活时间显著更长相关。在12个月随访时，治疗效果已经减弱。得出的结论是，预防复发计划在短期内是一种有效的治疗方法，而长期影响可能需要更多地关注维持因素，如个体的环境。
