Addy M, Greenman J, Renton-Harper P, Newcombe R, Doherty F
Division of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, University of the West of England, Bristol.
J Clin Periodontol. 1997 Feb;24(2):86-91. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.1997.tb00472.x.
There has been a resurgence of interest in stannous fluoride (SF) products in particular to provide oral hygiene and gingival health benefits. The aim of this study was to assess the persistence of antimicrobial action of a number of SF formulations in the mouth and relate these to plaque inhibitory activity. The formulations were 2 SF toothpastes (SF1, SF2), 2 SF plus stannous pyrophosphate toothpastes (SFSP1, SFSP2), a SF gel (G), a NaF toothpaste (C) and saline (S) as control. Both studies involve 2 different groups of 21 healthy dentate volunteers. The studies were single, blind, randomised, crossover designs balanced for residual effects, with a minimum 2 1/2 day washout period. Salivary bacterial counts were determined before and to 7 h after a single rinse with the formulations. Plaque regrowth from a zero baseline (day 1) was measured by index and area on day 5, after 2x daily rinsing with slurries of the formulations or saline. For bacterial counts, highly significant treatment differences were found. Bacterial counts were variably reduced by all treatments to 30 min then showed a variable rate of return towards baseline. All test agents were significantly better than S at some timepoints. The order for greatest persistence of action downwards was; (1) SFSP2; (2) SFSP1, G, and SF1; (3) SF2; (4) C; (5) S. Highly significant differences in plaque regrowth between treatments were found with similar mean ordering of efficacy as for salivary bacterial counts from most effective downwards namely; (1) SFSP1 and SFSP2; (2) SF1; (3) SF2; G and C; (4) S. The results were consistent with a parallel study measuring tea staining in vitro, whereby formulations causing the most staining produced the greatest persistence of action and plaque inhibitory activity. This suggests the availability of stannous ions was important for the clinical effects. It is concluded that stannous ions can enhance the plaque inhibitory action of toothpaste via a persistent antimicrobial action.
人们对氟化亚锡（SF）产品的兴趣再度兴起，尤其是其在口腔卫生和牙龈健康方面的益处。本研究的目的是评估多种SF制剂在口腔中的抗菌作用持久性，并将其与牙菌斑抑制活性相关联。这些制剂包括2种SF牙膏（SF1、SF2）、2种含SF和焦磷酸亚锡的牙膏（SFSP1、SFSP2）、1种SF凝胶（G）、1种氟化钠牙膏（C）以及作为对照的生理盐水（S）。两项研究均涉及两组，每组21名健康有牙志愿者。研究采用单盲、随机、交叉设计，平衡残留效应，洗脱期至少为2.5天。在用制剂单次漱口前及漱口后7小时测定唾液细菌计数。在用制剂或生理盐水的悬液每日漱口2次后，于第5天通过指数和面积测量从零基线（第1天）开始的牙菌斑再生长情况。对于细菌计数，发现各处理间存在极显著差异。所有处理均使细菌计数在30分钟时不同程度降低，然后显示出向基线恢复的不同速率。在某些时间点，所有测试剂均显著优于S。作用持久性从高到低的顺序为：（1）SFSP2；（2）SFSP1、G和SF1；（3）SF2；（4）C；（5）S。各处理间牙菌斑再生长存在极显著差异，其平均功效排序与唾液细菌计数相似，从最有效到最无效依次为：（1）SFSP1和SFSP2；（2）SF1；（3）SF2、G和C；（4）S。结果与一项体外测量茶渍染色的平行研究一致，即导致染色最多的制剂具有最大的作用持久性和牙菌斑抑制活性。这表明亚锡离子的可用性对临床效果很重要。结论是亚锡离子可通过持续的抗菌作用增强牙膏的牙菌斑抑制作用。
