Brett K M, Madans J H
NCHS/Division of Epidemiology, Hyattsville, MD 20782, USA.
Am J Epidemiol. 1997 Mar 15;145(6):536-45. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009142.
The objective of this study was to describe trends in the use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in the United States by demographic, life-style, and heart disease risk factors. Data were obtained from the Epidemiologic Followup Study to the First National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a nationally representative cohort followed from the mid-1970s until 1992. A total of 5,602 women who had become menopausal by their last follow-up interview were included. An estimated 45% of the cohort of menopausal US women 25-74 years of age in the early 1970s used HRT for at least one month and 20% continued use for 5 or more years. Between 1987 and 1992, as the younger members of the cohort became menopausal, the proportion of this cohort who had ever used HRT and used it for 5 or more years increased by 32% and 54%, respectively. A higher probability of HRT use was found among women who were white, who were more highly educated, and who lived in the West, or who had experienced a surgical menopause. Women who were overweight or who abstained from alcohol were less likely to use HRT. These data support the hypothesis that HRT use is associated with sociodemographic factors, and that women tend to discontinue use within several years.
本研究的目的是根据人口统计学、生活方式和心脏病风险因素描述美国激素替代疗法（HRT）的使用趋势。数据来自对第一次全国健康和营养检查调查的流行病学随访研究，这是一个具有全国代表性的队列，从20世纪70年代中期一直随访到1992年。总共纳入了5602名在最后一次随访访谈时已绝经的女性。据估计，20世纪70年代初，年龄在25 - 74岁的美国绝经女性队列中，有45%的人使用HRT至少一个月，20%的人持续使用5年或更长时间。在1987年至1992年期间，随着该队列中较年轻的成员进入绝经期，该队列中曾经使用过HRT且使用5年或更长时间的比例分别增加了32%和54%。在白人女性、受教育程度较高的女性、居住在西部的女性或经历过手术绝经的女性中，发现使用HRT的可能性更高。超重或戒酒的女性使用HRT的可能性较小。这些数据支持了以下假设：HRT的使用与社会人口统计学因素有关，并且女性倾向于在几年内停止使用。
