Prescott C A, Neale M C, Corey L A, Kendler K S
Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298-0124, USA.
J Stud Alcohol. 1997 Mar;58(2):167-81. doi: 10.15288/jsa.1997.58.167.
To identify characteristics associated with problem drinking (PD) and alcohol dependence (AD) in women.
Subjects were 2,163 white women aged 17-55 from the population-based Virginia Twin Registry. Measures were selected from a clinical interview and questionnaires to reflect five domains associated with alcoholism in prior studies; demographic characteristics, personality, health, and personal and family history of psychopathology. Logistic and linear regression analyses were used to predict PD and DSM-III-R defined AD.
Multiple regression models accounted for 19% of the variance in PD (significant predictors included: higher parental education-particularly among younger women, being the primary breadwinner, less frequent church attendance, higher scores on measures of neuroticism, extraversion and interpersonal dependency, history of major depression and social phobia, paternal PD and maternal treatment for emotional problems); 9% of the variance in diagnosis of AD (predicted by generalized anxiety, paternal depression and maternal PD); and 20% of the variance in number of symptoms of AD (predicted by the interaction of younger age and less-educated parents, higher neuroticism and mastery, lower optimism, generalized anxiety and agoraphobia, and maternal PD).
Personality characteristics and parental psychopathology are important predictors of PD and AD independent of their effect on risk for affective and anxiety disorders. Many characteristics found to be associated with PD and AD in bivariate analyses were not significant when considered in the context of other predictors. Future studies of the etiology of alcoholism among women should simultaneously study measures from a variety of domains.
确定与女性问题饮酒（PD）和酒精依赖（AD）相关的特征。
研究对象为来自基于人群的弗吉尼亚双胞胎登记处的2163名17 - 55岁的白人女性。测量方法选自临床访谈和问卷，以反映先前研究中与酒精中毒相关的五个领域；人口统计学特征、人格、健康以及精神病理学的个人和家族史。采用逻辑回归和线性回归分析来预测PD和DSM - III - R定义的AD。
多元回归模型解释了PD中19%的变异（显著预测因素包括：父母受教育程度较高——尤其是在年轻女性中，是家庭主要经济支柱，参加教会活动频率较低，神经质、外向性和人际依赖量表得分较高，有重度抑郁症和社交恐惧症病史，父亲有PD以及母亲有情绪问题治疗史）；AD诊断中9%的变异（由广泛性焦虑、父亲抑郁和母亲PD预测）；以及AD症状数量中20%的变异（由年龄较小和父母受教育程度较低的交互作用、较高的神经质和掌控感、较低的乐观情绪、广泛性焦虑和广场恐惧症以及母亲PD预测）。
人格特征和父母精神病理学是PD和AD的重要预测因素，独立于它们对情感和焦虑障碍风险的影响。在双变量分析中发现与PD和AD相关的许多特征，在考虑其他预测因素时并不显著。未来关于女性酒精中毒病因的研究应同时研究来自多个领域的测量方法。
