Schultz-Ross R A, Gutheil T G
University of Hawaii, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu 96813, USA.
J Psychother Pract Res. 1997 Spring;6(2):130-8.
The boundary between spiritual and psychotherapeutic issues is not well defined; indeed, the two may be interwoven. A patient's sense of a therapist may closely relate to the patient's assessment of the therapist's spirituality, and a therapist's recognition of the differences between psychopathological and spiritual beliefs may depend on a recognition of his or her own belief system. Changing the profession's approach to this issue is made difficult by 1) a traditional sense within many schools of psychotherapy that spirituality is outside the sphere of appropriate investigation and knowledge; 2) discomfort with personal spiritual issues in educators and trainees; 3) decreased emphasis on aspects of the therapist as important factors in patient outcome; and 4) decreased use of intensive supervision for psychotherapy in some training programs.
精神问题与心理治疗问题之间的界限并不明确；事实上，二者可能相互交织。患者对治疗师的感觉可能与患者对治疗师精神性的评估密切相关，而治疗师对心理病理信念与精神信念差异的认识可能取决于对自身信念体系的认识。改变该行业对这一问题的处理方式存在困难，原因如下：1）许多心理治疗学派存在一种传统观念，认为精神性不属于适当的调查和知识范畴；2）教育工作者和学员对个人精神问题感到不适；3）对治疗师作为影响患者治疗结果的重要因素的重视程度降低；4）一些培训项目中对心理治疗强化督导的使用减少。
