Hopkins S G, DiGiacomo R F
Seattle-King County Department of Public Health, Washington, USA.
Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract. 1997 Mar;13(1):107-28. doi: 10.1016/s0749-0720(15)30367-4.
Many potential routes of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) transmission are reviewed in this article. Vertical transmission, in utero, or through colostrum and milk, accounts for a relatively small proportion of infections. Iatrogenic horizontal transmission, through procedures permitting the transfer of blood between cattle, has been shown to be a major route of transmission in most settings. Contact transmission stems from a mixture of natural sources of blood, exudates, and tissues that enter the body through mucosal surfaces or broken skin. Careful analysis of management procedures and environmental conditions present in individual dairy and beef herds affords the greatest opportunity to develop effective BLV prevention programs.
本文综述了牛白血病病毒（BLV）许多潜在的传播途径。子宫内垂直传播，或通过初乳和乳汁传播，在感染中所占比例相对较小。医源性水平传播，即通过允许牛之间输血的操作，已被证明在大多数情况下是主要的传播途径。接触传播源于血液、渗出液和组织等天然来源的混合物，这些物质通过粘膜表面或破损皮肤进入体内。仔细分析个体奶牛场和肉牛场的管理程序及环境条件，为制定有效的BLV预防计划提供了最大机会。
