Kinasewitz G T
Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, USA.
Eur Respir J. 1997 Mar;10(3):714-8.
Transudative pleural effusions develop because the distribution of hydrostatic and oncotic pressure across the pleura is altered, so that the rate of pleural fluid formation exceeds that of its reabsorption. They are characterized by a low cell and protein content. Congestive heart failure is the most common cause of transudative effusion. The fluid that accumulates in a hepatic hydrothorax, urinothorax, during peritoneal dialysis, and in many patients with nephrotic syndrome may also have the characteristics of a transudate. The development of a transudative effusion indicates that the pleural membranes per se are intact, so that if the underlying problem can be corrected, the effusion will be reabsorbed.
漏出性胸腔积液的形成是因为胸膜两侧静水压和胶体渗透压的分布发生改变，导致胸腔积液形成速率超过其重吸收速率。其特点是细胞和蛋白质含量低。充血性心力衰竭是漏出性胸腔积液最常见的原因。肝性胸水、尿胸、腹膜透析过程中以及许多肾病综合征患者体内积聚的液体也可能具有漏出液的特征。漏出性胸腔积液的出现表明胸膜本身是完整的，因此如果潜在问题能够得到纠正，积液将会被重吸收。
