Rein M F, Randolph W J, Short J G, Coolidge K G, Coates M L, Carey R M
University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (UVA), USA.
Acad Med. 1997 Mar;72(3):218-27. doi: 10.1097/00001888-199703000-00017.
To develop a model for calculating the cost of a four-year undergraduate medical education at the University of Virginia School of Medicine (UVA) in 1994-95.
All data were based on faculty contact hours (FCHs), the primary driver of cost. (An FCH was an hour during which a faculty member was actively teaching.) First- and second-year data were derived from a published curriculum schedule. Third-year data were derived from hours spent in each clerkship and a series of calculations to assess direct teaching time in each clerkship accurately. Fourth-year data were modeled on an artificial but typical program consisting of the required clerkship in neurology, a two-day course in advanced cardiac life support, and seven elective blocks; electives were chosen based on relative overall popularity. The number of full-time-equivalent (FTE) faculty required was calculated. The salary costs of UVA full-time faculty were calculated. Other total direct costs, including the costs of support and administrative services as well as the costs of the educational contributions of housestaff and contract faculty, were calculated. The overall cost, including direct and indirect costs, was calculated. An average of 139 students per year was assumed.
The total number of FCHs was just under 100,000. The number of FTE faculty required was 223. UVA faculty salary and fringe benefits totaled $29,400,000. The costs of support and administrative services totaled $4,100,000; the costs of housestaff and contract faculty totaled $2,300,000. The overall educational costs totaled $49,600,000.
The overall cost of a four-year medical education at UVA was $357,000 per student. Although the process of calculating this cost was complex and, at times, based on assumptions open to debate, the model developed can be applied to any medical education setting.
建立一个模型，用于计算1994 - 1995年弗吉尼亚大学医学院（UVA）四年制本科医学教育的成本。
所有数据均基于教师授课时长（FCHs），这是成本的主要驱动因素。（一个FCH是指教师积极授课的一小时。）一年级和二年级的数据来自已公布的课程表。三年级的数据来自每个临床实习所花费的时间以及一系列计算，以准确评估每个临床实习中的直接教学时间。四年级的数据基于一个人为设定但具有代表性的课程安排，包括神经科必修临床实习、为期两天的高级心脏生命支持课程以及七个选修模块；选修课程根据相对总体受欢迎程度进行选择。计算所需的全职等效（FTE）教师数量。计算UVA全职教师的薪资成本。计算其他总直接成本，包括支持和行政服务成本以及住院医师和合同制教师的教育贡献成本。计算包括直接和间接成本在内的总成本。假设每年平均有139名学生。
FCHs总数略低于100,000。所需的FTE教师数量为223名。UVA教师的薪资和福利总计29,400,000美元。支持和行政服务成本总计4,100,000美元；住院医师和合同制教师成本总计2,300,000美元。教育总成本总计49,600,000美元。
UVA四年制医学教育的总成本为每名学生357,000美元。尽管计算此成本的过程复杂，且有时基于存在争议的假设，但所开发的模型可应用于任何医学教育环境。
