Maher E R, McNiel E A
Department of Medicine, Chatoak Pet Clinic, Granada Hills, California, USA.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1997 Mar;27(2):359-80. doi: 10.1016/s0195-5616(97)50037-4.
Pheochromocytomas are endocrine tumors arising from chromaffin cells (pheochromocytes) of the adrenal glands in dogs and cats. The clinical symptomatology produced results from the direct presence and space-occupying nature of the tumor, or the secondary presence of excessive amounts of excreted catecholamines. Diagnosis and management of pheochromocytomas remain great challenges for veterinary clinicians. The diagnosis is based on the results of supporting routine lab evaluation, blood-pressure determinations, selected biochemical and pharmacologic tests, and a number of imaging techniques. Surgical extirpation continues to be the only definitive treatment for the pheochromocytoma. Medical therapy is used to stabilize the metabolic and cardiovascular states of the patient in a preoperative and surgical setting as well as to manage chronic long-term effects of excess catecholamines in patients with inoperable or metastatic disease.
嗜铬细胞瘤是起源于犬猫肾上腺嗜铬细胞的内分泌肿瘤。肿瘤直接存在及其占位性质，或过量分泌儿茶酚胺的继发性存在，导致了临床症状。嗜铬细胞瘤的诊断和治疗对兽医临床医生来说仍然是巨大的挑战。诊断基于常规实验室评估、血压测定、特定生化和药理试验以及多种成像技术的结果。手术切除仍然是嗜铬细胞瘤唯一的确定性治疗方法。药物治疗用于在术前和手术环境中稳定患者的代谢和心血管状态，以及治疗无法手术或转移性疾病患者体内儿茶酚胺过量的慢性长期影响。
