Mohr H, Bachmann B, Klein-Struckmeier A, Lambrecht B
German Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Institute Springe, Germany.
Photochem Photobiol. 1997 Mar;65(3):441-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1997.tb08586.x.
Methylene blue (MB) and its derivatives azure A, B, C and thionine are photoactive and, in principle, are suitable for photodynamic virus inactivation of blood and blood products, such as therapeutic plasma. Methylene blue was selected for plasma decontamination because it is being clinically used and because of its known toxicological and other properties. The standard procedure for photodynamic treatment of single units of fresh plasma involves illumination with visible light at an MB concentration of 1 microM. Polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that, in addition to model viruses, the bloodborne viruses hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, human immune deficiency virus-1 and probably also the nonenveloped parvovirus B19 are sensitive to MB/light treatment. The procedure is further improved when the fluorescent tubes routinely used for illumination are replaced by more intense light sources, e.g. light-emitting diodes or low-pressure sodium lamps. Surprisingly, the improved virus kill is accompanied by reduced damage to plasma proteins.
亚甲蓝（MB）及其衍生物天青A、B、C和硫堇具有光活性，原则上适用于血液和血液制品（如治疗性血浆）的光动力病毒灭活。选择亚甲蓝进行血浆去污是因为它正在临床使用，并且具有已知的毒理学和其他特性。对单单位新鲜血浆进行光动力治疗的标准程序是在MB浓度为1微摩尔时用可见光照射。聚合酶链反应分析表明，除了模型病毒外，血源病毒乙型肝炎病毒、丙型肝炎病毒、人类免疫缺陷病毒1型以及可能还有无包膜的细小病毒B19对MB/光治疗敏感。当常规用于照明的荧光管被更强的光源（如发光二极管或低压钠灯）取代时，该程序会进一步改进。令人惊讶的是，病毒杀灭效果的改善伴随着血浆蛋白损伤的减少。
