Schlagenhauf P, Lobel H, Steffen R, Johnson R, Popp K, Tschopp A, Letz R, Crevoisier C
Division of Communicable Diseases, Institute for Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1997 Feb;56(2):235-40. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1997.56.235.
Due to presumed adverse performance impact, a World Health Organization clause currently restricts the use of mefloquine malaria chemoprophylaxis in individuals requiring fine coordination and spatial discrimination. We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study to quantitatively assess the effects of mefloquine at steady state on performance in 23 trainee airline pilots. Flying performance was assessed using a flight simulator, psychomotor function was evaluated, sleep and wake cycles were monitored, and symptoms and moods were assessed using standardized questionnaires. A simplified postural sway meter recorded sway in three test positions. In the mefloquine loading dose phase, there was one withdrawal due to dizziness, diarrhea, and flu-like symptoms, and three volunteers reported nonserious, sleep-related adverse events. There was no significant difference in flying performance, psychomotor functions, or mean sway for any test position. Nonsignificant reductions in mean total nocturnal sleep (mefloquine = 450 min versus placebo = 484 min) and poorer sleep quality were detected in the mefloquine phases. The mood findings indicated a predominance of positive states, with vigor the predominant mood in all phases. No significant performance deficit was documented under laboratory conditions during use of mefloquine at steady state.
由于推测存在不良性能影响，世界卫生组织的一项条款目前限制在需要精细协调和空间辨别能力的个体中使用甲氟喹进行疟疾化学预防。我们进行了一项双盲、安慰剂对照、交叉研究，以定量评估稳态甲氟喹对23名实习航空公司飞行员表现的影响。使用飞行模拟器评估飞行性能，评估心理运动功能，监测睡眠和觉醒周期，并使用标准化问卷评估症状和情绪。一个简化的姿势摇摆仪记录了三个测试位置的摇摆情况。在甲氟喹负荷剂量阶段，有一名受试者因头晕、腹泻和流感样症状退出研究，三名志愿者报告了与睡眠相关的非严重不良事件。在任何测试位置，飞行性能、心理运动功能或平均摇摆情况均无显著差异。在甲氟喹阶段，夜间总睡眠时间均值有非显著减少（甲氟喹组=450分钟，安慰剂组=484分钟），且睡眠质量较差。情绪结果表明积极状态占主导，活力是所有阶段的主要情绪。在稳态使用甲氟喹期间，实验室条件下未记录到显著的性能缺陷。
