Oz H S, Hughes W T
Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA.
J Infect Dis. 1997 Apr;175(4):901-4. doi: 10.1086/513988.
The effects of three new immunosuppressive drugs used for organ transplantation, mycophenolate mofetil, tacrolimus, and sirolimus, were compared with those of dexamethasone in provocation of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis in virus-free Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats injected daily with tacrolimus showed a dose-related response to the point of severe P. carinii pneumonitis 4 weeks after initiation of drug administration identical to those animals treated with high-dose dexamethasone. Thirty percent of rats treated with sirolimus had mild P. carinii infection. Surprisingly, mycophenolate mofetil had an anti-P. carinii effect. None of the animals had discernible P. carinii infection when treated with mycophenolate mofetil alone or combined with dexamethasone. Mycophenolate mofetil is unique because of its dual activity as a potent immunosuppressant as well as an antimicrobial with action against P. carinii.
在无病毒的斯普拉格 - 道利大鼠中，比较了用于器官移植的三种新型免疫抑制药物霉酚酸酯、他克莫司和西罗莫司与地塞米松诱发卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎的效果。每天注射他克莫司的大鼠在开始给药4周后，出现了与高剂量地塞米松治疗的动物相同的、与剂量相关的严重卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎反应。接受西罗莫司治疗的大鼠中有30%患有轻度卡氏肺孢子虫感染。令人惊讶的是，霉酚酸酯具有抗卡氏肺孢子虫的作用。单独使用霉酚酸酯或与地塞米松联合使用时，没有动物出现可辨别的卡氏肺孢子虫感染。霉酚酸酯具有独特性，因为它具有作为强效免疫抑制剂以及对卡氏肺孢子虫有作用的抗菌剂的双重活性。
