Chesnay Adélaïde, Paget Christophe, Heuzé-Vourc'h Nathalie, Baranek Thomas, Desoubeaux Guillaume
Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie-Médecine Tropicale, Pôle Biologie Médicale, Hôpital Bretonneau, CHRU de Tours, 2 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France.
Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires (CEPR), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1100, Université de Tours, 10 Bouelvard Tonnellé, 37032 Tours, France.
J Fungi (Basel). 2022 Jan 27;8(2):129. doi: 10.3390/jof8020129.
pneumonia is a severe lung infection that occurs primarily in largely immunocompromised patients. Few treatment options exist, and the mortality rate remains substantial. To develop new strategies in the fields of diagnosis and treatment, it appears to be critical to improve the scientific knowledge about the biology of the agent and the course of the disease. In the absence of in vitro continuous culture system, in vivo animal studies represent a crucial cornerstone for addressing pneumonia in laboratories. Here, we provide an overview of the animal models of pneumonia that were reported in the literature over the last 60 years. Overall, this review highlights the great heterogeneity of the variables studied: the choice of the host species and its genetics, the different immunosuppressive regimens to render an animal susceptible, the experimental challenge, and the different validation methods of the model. With this work, the investigator will have the keys to choose pivotal experimental parameters and major technical features that are assumed to likely influence the results according to the question asked. As an example, we propose an animal model to explore the immune response during pneumonia.
肺炎是一种主要发生在免疫功能严重受损患者中的严重肺部感染。治疗选择很少，死亡率仍然很高。为了在诊断和治疗领域开发新策略，提高对病原体生物学和疾病进程的科学认识似乎至关重要。由于缺乏体外连续培养系统，体内动物研究是实验室研究肺炎的关键基石。在此，我们概述了过去60年文献中报道的肺炎动物模型。总体而言，本综述强调了所研究变量的巨大异质性：宿主物种及其遗传学的选择、使动物易感性的不同免疫抑制方案、实验性攻击以及模型的不同验证方法。通过这项工作，研究人员将掌握根据所提问题选择可能影响结果的关键实验参数和主要技术特征的关键。例如，我们提出一种动物模型来探索肺炎期间的免疫反应。
