Helfrich-Förster C
Botanisches Institut, Auf der Morgenstelle 1, Tübingen, Germany.
J Comp Neurol. 1997 Apr 14;380(3):335-54. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19970414)380:3<335::aid-cne4>3.0.co;2-3.
An antiserum against the crustacean pigment-dispersing hormone (PDH) was used to identify PDH-immunoreactive neurons in the developing nervous systems of wild type Drosophila melanogaster and the brain mutant disconnected. Particular attention was paid to a group of PDH-immunoreactive neurons at the anterior margin of the medulla-the pigment-dispersing factor-containing neurons close to the medulla (PDFMe neurons)-that seem to be involved in the control of adult circadian rhythmicity. In adults, this group consists of four to six neurons with large somata (large PDFMe neurons) and of four neurons with small somata (small PDFMe neurons). Both subgroups were usually absent in adults of behaviorally arrhythmic mutants of disconnected. In the wild type, PDH immunoreactivity was seen first in the small PDFMe neurons of 4 hour old first-instar larvae. The small PDFMe neurons were found to persist unchanged into adulthood, whereas the large ones seemed to develop halfway through metamorphosis. Beside the PDFMe neurons, three other clusters of PDH-immunoreactive neurons were stained in the developing nervous systems of Drosophila and are described in detail. Two of them were located in the brain, and the third was located in the abdominal neuromeres of the thoracic nervous system. In the mutant disconnected, the larval and the adult set of PDFMe neurons were absent. The other clusters of PDH-immunoreactive neurons seemed to develop normally. The present results are consistent with the hypothesis that the PDFMe neurons are circadian pacemaker neurons that may control rhythmic processes in larvae, pupae, and adults.
一种针对甲壳类色素分散激素（PDH）的抗血清被用于鉴定野生型黑腹果蝇和大脑突变体“脱节”发育中的神经系统中PDH免疫反应性神经元。特别关注了髓质前缘的一组PDH免疫反应性神经元——靠近髓质的含色素分散因子神经元（PDFMe神经元），它们似乎参与成年昼夜节律的控制。在成虫中，这一组由四到六个具有大细胞体的神经元（大型PDFMe神经元）和四个具有小细胞体的神经元（小型PDFMe神经元）组成。在行为无节律的“脱节”突变体成虫中，这两个亚组通常都不存在。在野生型中，PDH免疫反应性首先在4小时龄一龄幼虫的小型PDFMe神经元中出现。发现小型PDFMe神经元持续到成年期不变，而大型PDFMe神经元似乎在变态发育到一半时发育形成。除了PDFMe神经元外，在果蝇发育中的神经系统中还对另外三簇PDH免疫反应性神经元进行了染色并详细描述。其中两簇位于大脑中，第三簇位于胸神经系统的腹部神经节。在突变体“脱节”中，幼虫和成虫的PDFMe神经元组均不存在。其他PDH免疫反应性神经元簇似乎发育正常。目前的结果与PDFMe神经元是昼夜节律起搏器神经元的假设一致，这些神经元可能控制幼虫、蛹和成虫的节律性过程。
