多伦多献血者中的白喉和破伤风免疫力
Diphtheria and tetanus immunity among blood donors in Toronto.
作者信息
Yuan L, Lau W, Thipphawong J, Kasenda M, Xie F, Bevilacqua J
机构信息
Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, University of Toronto.
出版信息
CMAJ. 1997 Apr 1;156(7):985-90.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the diphtheria and tetanus antitoxin levels among blood donors in Toronto.
DESIGN
Cross-sectional seroprevalence study.
SETTING
Two fixed-site blood-donation clinics in Toronto from September to November 1994.
PARTICIPANTS
Blood donors 20 years of age or older were eligible to participate; of the 781 eligible donors, 710 (90.9%) participated in the study.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Diphtheria and tetanus antitoxin levels and factors associated with disease susceptibility, such as vaccination history, country of birth, age and sex. A diphtheria antitoxin level lower than 0.01 lU/mL and a tetanus antitoxin level lower than 0.15 lU/mL were considered nonprotective.
RESULTS
Among the participants, 147 (20.7%) had a diphtheria antitoxin level in the nonprotective range, and 124 (17.5%) had a tetanus antitoxin level that was nonprotective. Increasing age and lack of written vaccination records were associated with susceptibility to the 2 diseases. Birth outside Canada was significantly related to tetanus susceptibility.
CONCLUSION
Adults over 50 years of age who did not know their vaccination history were the least likely to be protected against diphtheria and tetanus. The greatest benefit of any immunization strategy would be gained by targeting this group.
目的
测定多伦多献血者中白喉和破伤风抗毒素水平。
设计
横断面血清流行率研究。
地点
1994年9月至11月在多伦多的两家固定地点献血诊所。
参与者
20岁及以上的献血者有资格参与；在781名符合条件的献血者中，710名（90.9%）参与了研究。
主要观察指标
白喉和破伤风抗毒素水平以及与疾病易感性相关的因素，如疫苗接种史、出生国家、年龄和性别。白喉抗毒素水平低于0.01 lU/mL和破伤风抗毒素水平低于0.15 lU/mL被视为无保护作用。
结果
在参与者中，147名（20.7%）的白喉抗毒素水平处于无保护范围，124名（17.5%）的破伤风抗毒素水平无保护作用。年龄增长和缺乏书面疫苗接种记录与这两种疾病的易感性相关。在加拿大境外出生与破伤风易感性显著相关。
结论
50岁以上不知道自己疫苗接种史的成年人最不可能对白喉和破伤风有免疫力。针对这一群体实施任何免疫策略将获得最大益处。
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