Starke J R
Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Clin Perinatol. 1997 Mar;24(1):107-27.
Tuberculosis is the leading infectious disease in the world. In developing countries and certain areas of industrialized countries, rates of tuberculosis are highest among women and men of childbearing age. True congenital tuberculosis is rare; the greatest threat to the neonate is the acquisition of tuberculosis infection shortly after birth, which tends to progress rapidly to serious tuberculosis disease in a large proportion of untreated infants. Effective methods for prevention and treatment of the disease are available and inexpensive but still are not used appropriately in most parts of the developing world. The clinician caring for pregnant women should be aware of the risk factors for tuberculosis infection and disease and should test women and families according to risk.
结核病是全球主要的传染病。在发展中国家以及工业化国家的某些地区，育龄期男女的结核病发病率最高。真正的先天性结核病很罕见；对新生儿最大的威胁是出生后不久感染结核病，在大部分未经治疗的婴儿中，这种感染往往会迅速发展为严重的结核病。预防和治疗该疾病的有效方法既可行又廉价，但在发展中世界的大部分地区仍未得到适当使用。照顾孕妇的临床医生应了解结核病感染和发病的风险因素，并应根据风险对孕妇及其家人进行检测。
