Moore C A, Khoury M J, Liu Y
Birth Defects and Genetic Diseases Branch, Division of Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Pediatrics. 1997 Apr;99(4):E11. doi: 10.1542/peds.99.4.e11.
To determine the association between light-to-moderate prenatal alcohol exposure and congenital renal anomalies.
Data from the population-based Atlanta Birth Defects Case-Control Study were used to examine the association between selected renal anomalies and self-reported maternal alcohol consumption during the period from 1 month before through 3 months after conception. Case infants were ascertained by a population-based birth defects registry with active case ascertainment; the case group consisted of 158 infants, born during 1968 through 1980 to metropolitan Atlanta residents, in whom these renal anomalies had been diagnosed. Two control groups were used. One had 3029 infants without birth defects, and the other had 4633 infants with birth defects exclusive of the urinary tract who were born during the same period.
Overall, there was a moderate association between renal anomalies and moderate prenatal alcohol exposure (odds ratio, 1.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.0 to 2.3). When the renal anomalies were subclassified, moderate prenatal alcohol exposure was significantly associated only with renal agenesis or hypoplasia (odds ratio, 2.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.2 to 5.1), and within this group only infants with bilateral defects and other major anomalies in addition to renal agenesis or hypoplasia had significantly elevated risks. There were no significant associations between reported light consumption and any category of the selected renal anomalies. No conclusions could be reached for reported heavy consumption because of sparse data. Adjustments for potential confounding factors did not alter these results.
This study suggests that moderate alcohol consumption during pregnancy may increase a woman's risk of giving birth to a child with renal agenesis or hypoplasia.
确定轻度至中度孕期酒精暴露与先天性肾异常之间的关联。
基于人群的亚特兰大出生缺陷病例对照研究的数据用于检验特定肾异常与受孕前1个月至受孕后3个月期间自我报告的母亲饮酒情况之间的关联。病例婴儿通过基于人群的出生缺陷登记处进行主动病例确定；病例组由1968年至1980年期间出生于大亚特兰大地区居民的158名婴儿组成，这些婴儿被诊断患有这些肾异常。使用了两个对照组。一组有3029名无出生缺陷的婴儿，另一组有4633名同期出生的除泌尿系统外有出生缺陷的婴儿。
总体而言，肾异常与中度孕期酒精暴露之间存在中度关联（优势比，1.5；95%置信区间，1.0至2.3）。当对肾异常进行亚分类时，中度孕期酒精暴露仅与肾缺如或发育不全显著相关（优势比，2.5；95%置信区间，1.2至5.1），并且在该组中，只有除肾缺如或发育不全外还患有双侧缺陷和其他主要异常的婴儿风险显著升高。报告的轻度饮酒与所选肾异常的任何类别之间均无显著关联。由于数据稀少，对于报告的重度饮酒无法得出结论。对潜在混杂因素进行调整并未改变这些结果。
本研究表明，孕期适度饮酒可能会增加女性生下患有肾缺如或发育不全孩子的风险。
