Nystad W, Magnus P, Søyseth V
Seksjon for epidemiologi, Statens institutt for folkehelse, Oslo.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1997 Feb 20;117(5):644-7.
Several comparable surveys of childhood as have been performed in Norway. This article describes the prevalence among children, 6-13 years old, during the period 1985-94, and how this prevalence is influenced by the operational definition of asthma. Questionnaires were administered in eight areas; Troms/Finnmark (1985), Nordland (1985), Ardal/Laerdal (1989/92), Sør-Varanger (1992), Oslo (1994), Hallingdal (1994) and Odda (1994). The response rates varied from 85 to 96%. The parent-reported lifetime prevalences were lowest in the areas where the studies took place in 1985, the earliest year of study; Nordland 7.2% (95% CI 6.5-7.9), Troms/Finnmark 8.1% (7.4-8.8). The prevalence increased up to 1994, with the highest prevalence in Oslo 13.7% (12.0-15.4). The prevalence of current asthma was about half the lifetime prevalence; Oslo 5.7% (4.6-6.8) compared with 10.1% (8.5-11.6). When respiratory symptoms the estimates were doubled in some areas and regional differences were reduced. The prevalence increased during the study period and seemed to be highest in northern Norway. Regions classified as polluted did not have a higher prevalence.
挪威已经开展了几项关于儿童的类似调查。本文描述了1985 - 1994年期间6至13岁儿童的患病率，以及哮喘的操作定义如何影响这一患病率。在八个地区进行了问卷调查；特罗姆瑟/芬马克（1985年）、诺尔兰（1985年）、阿尔达尔/勒达尔（1989/92年）、南瓦朗厄尔（1992年）、奥斯陆（1994年）、哈灵达尔（1994年）和奥达（1994年）。回复率从85%到96%不等。家长报告的终生患病率在研究开展最早的1985年进行研究的地区最低；诺尔兰为7.2%（95%置信区间6.5 - 7.9），特罗姆瑟/芬马克为8.1%（7.4 - 8.8）。到1994年患病率有所上升，奥斯陆的患病率最高，为13.7%（12.0 - 15.4）。当前哮喘的患病率约为终生患病率的一半；奥斯陆为5.7%（4.6 - 6.8），而终生患病率为10.1%（8.5 - 11.6）。当考虑呼吸道症状时，某些地区的估计值翻倍，地区差异减小。在研究期间患病率有所上升，似乎在挪威北部最高。被归类为污染地区的患病率并没有更高。
