北卡罗来纳州女性的就业、工作压力与早产情况。
Employment, job strain, and preterm delivery among women in North Carolina.
作者信息
Brett K M, Strogatz D S, Savitz D A
机构信息
Division of Epidemiology, National Center for Health Statistics, Hyattsville, Md 20782, USA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1997 Feb;87(2):199-204. doi: 10.2105/ajph.87.2.199.
OBJECTIVES
A population-based case-control study was conducted in central North Carolina to assess the relationship between occupational stress and preterm delivery.
METHODS
Four hundred twenty-one women delivering infants before 37 weeks' gestation and 612 women delivering infants at term were interviewed a median of 6 months after delivery. Exposure information was collected for all jobs held for at least 1 month during pregnancy.
RESULTS
Work in a "high strain" job (i.e., high demand and low control) was not associated with increased risk of preterm delivery compared with work in "low strain" jobs (all other combinations of job demand and control). Narrowing the exposure window to the third trimester did not modify the results. However, women who worked at a high-strain job full-time (odds ratio [OR] = 1.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.9, 2.0) or for 30 or more weeks (OR = 1.4, CI = 1.0, 2.2) had a modestly increased risk. Several analyses suggested that Black women were at greater risk from job strain than White women.
CONCLUSIONS
This study suggests that chronic exposure during pregnancy to work characterized by high demand and low control may be modestly associated with preterm delivery.
目的
在北卡罗来纳州中部开展了一项基于人群的病例对照研究，以评估职业压力与早产之间的关系。
方法
对421名在妊娠37周前分娩的女性和612名足月分娩的女性在分娩后中位时间6个月进行了访谈。收集了孕期所有持续至少1个月的工作的暴露信息。
结果
与从事“低压力”工作（工作要求和控制的所有其他组合）相比，从事“高压力”工作（即高要求和低控制）与早产风险增加无关。将暴露窗口缩小至孕晚期并未改变结果。然而，全职从事高压力工作的女性（优势比[OR]=1.4，95%置信区间[CI]=0.9，2.0）或工作30周及以上的女性（OR=1.4，CI=1.0，2.2）风险略有增加。多项分析表明，黑人女性比白人女性因工作压力面临的风险更大。
结论
本研究表明，孕期长期暴露于高要求和低控制的工作环境可能与早产存在一定关联。
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