Marbury M C, Linn S, Monson R R, Wegman D H, Schoenbaum S C, Stubblefield P G, Ryan K J
J Occup Med. 1984 Jun;26(6):415-21. doi: 10.1097/00043764-198406000-00013.
Pregnancy outcomes of 7,155 women who worked between one and nine months of pregnancy were compared with outcomes of 4,018 women who were not employed. There were no differences in rates of prematurity, Apgar score, birthweight, perinatal death rate, or malformation prevalence. Working women were divided into those who left employment during the first eight months and those who worked all nine months. The latter had a lower rate of adverse outcome than the other working group and the nonworking group. This indicates that working to term in the absence of contraindications does not impose an added risk on mother or infant. After control of confounding by parity and other relevant factors, an increased risk of prolonged gestational age was seen among primiparous working women. There was an increased risk of fetal distress among those women leaving work prior to nine months who were having their third or subsequent child. A small decrease in birth weight was seen among women who left work prior to term but not among those who worked all nine months. Overall the results are reassuring that working during pregnancy is not in itself a risk factor for adverse outcome.
将7155名在孕期工作1至9个月的女性的妊娠结局与4018名未就业女性的结局进行了比较。早产率、阿氏评分、出生体重、围产期死亡率或畸形患病率均无差异。就业女性被分为在头八个月离职的女性和工作满九个月的女性。后者的不良结局发生率低于其他就业组和非就业组。这表明在没有禁忌症的情况下工作至足月不会给母亲或婴儿带来额外风险。在控制了胎次和其他相关因素的混杂影响后，初产就业女性中孕周延长的风险增加。在怀孕九个月前离职的经产妇中，胎儿窘迫的风险增加。在足月前离职的女性中出生体重略有下降，但在工作满九个月的女性中没有这种情况。总体而言，结果令人放心，孕期工作本身并非不良结局的危险因素。
