McCullum C, Achterberg C L
Penn State Nutrition Center, University Park 16801-5663, USA.
Adolescence. 1997 Spring;32(125):181-97.
Ninety adolescents (41 males and 49 females) stratified by shopping experience (44 shoppers and 46 nonshoppers) were given a list of 20 foods to select in a supermarket. An interview was conducted to determine reason(s) given for each food selection, use of nutrition information, and other variables. Reasons most often reported for selecting foods were personal preference/taste, custom/habit, and price/cost. Participants were five times more likely to use front label/nutrition claims than nutrient labels. Fat free/low fat, lite/light, and cholesterol free/low cholesterol were the most commonly used claims whereas total fat and calories were the most commonly used nutrient label constituents. Females were more likely than males to use front label/nutrition claims (F (1,82) = 4.78, p < .01). There were no significant differences between males' and females' use of nutrient labels. Education that emphasizes food-shopping and label-reading skills is needed by adolescents.
90名青少年（41名男性和49名女性）按购物经历分层（44名购物者和46名非购物者），他们被给到一份包含20种食物的清单，在一家超市中进行选择。随后进行了一次访谈，以确定每种食物选择给出的理由、营养信息的使用情况以及其他变量。选择食物时最常报告的理由是个人偏好/口味、习惯/习性以及价格/成本。参与者使用正面标签/营养声明的可能性是使用营养标签的五倍。无脂肪/低脂、清淡/低热量以及无胆固醇/低胆固醇是最常用的声明，而总脂肪和卡路里是最常用的营养标签成分。女性比男性更有可能使用正面标签/营养声明（F(1,82)=4.78，p<.01）。男性和女性在使用营养标签方面没有显著差异。青少年需要强调食品购物和标签阅读技能的教育。
