Verhulst F C, van der Ende J, Ferdinand R F, Kasius M C
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Sophia Children's Hospital/Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1997 Apr;54(4):329-36. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1997.01830160049008.
We estimated the 6-month prevalence of psychiatric disorders among Dutch adolescents, using standardized, internationally available, and replicable assessment procedures, and assessed sex differences and comorbidity of diagnoses.
In phase 1, the parent, self-report, and teacher versions of the Child Behavior Checklist screened a sample representative of 13- to 18-year-olds from the Dutch general population. In phase 2, the parent (P) and child (C) versions of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC) provided DSM-III-R diagnoses for a selected subsample of 780 subjects.
The prevalence of any disorder was 21.5% for the DISC-C and 21.8% for the DISC-P. There was little overlap between subjects identified as having a disorder by the DISC-P and the DISC-C; only 4% met the criteria for any disorder on both. The most common disorders were simple phobia, social phobia, and conduct disorder. The most frequent comorbid diagnoses were anxiety and mood disorders.
Although prevalences of more than 21% for DISC-C- and DISC-P-derived diagnoses seem high, many adolescents with DSM-III-R diagnoses functioned quite well. The prevalence of any DSM-III-R diagnosis based on the DISC-C or DISC-P, in combination with the criterion for a definite case, was 7.9%.
我们使用标准化、国际通用且可重复的评估程序，估算了荷兰青少年中精神障碍的6个月患病率，并评估了性别差异和诊断的共病情况。
在第一阶段，儿童行为检查表的家长版、自评版和教师版对来自荷兰普通人群的13至18岁青少年代表性样本进行了筛查。在第二阶段，儿童诊断访谈表（DISC）的家长版（P）和儿童版（C）为780名受试者的选定子样本提供了DSM-III-R诊断。
DISC-C的任何障碍患病率为21.5%，DISC-P为21.8%。被DISC-P和DISC-C确定为患有障碍的受试者之间几乎没有重叠；只有4%的人在两者上都符合任何障碍的标准。最常见的障碍是单纯恐惧症、社交恐惧症和品行障碍。最常见的共病诊断是焦虑和情绪障碍。
尽管基于DISC-C和DISC-P得出的诊断患病率超过21%似乎很高，但许多患有DSM-III-R诊断的青少年功能相当良好。基于DISC-C或DISC-P并结合确诊病例标准的任何DSM-III-R诊断患病率为7.9%。
