Lee R J, Huang L
Endocyte, Inc., West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA.
Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst. 1997;14(2):173-206.
Clinical application of gene therapy depends on the development of suitable gene transfer vehicles (vectors). Although generally not as efficient as viral vectors, nonviral systems such as lipidic vectors have the potential advantages of being less toxic, nonrestrictive in cargo DNA size, potentially targetable, and easy to produce in relatively large amounts. More important, lipidic vectors generally lack immunogenicity, allowing repeated in vivo transfection using the same vector. In this paper, we will attempt to summarize some of the recent advances in lipidic gene delivery vectors. Three types of lipidic gene transfer vectors are described: 1) DNA/cationic liposome complexes, 2) DNA encapsulated in neutral or anionic liposomes, and 3) liposome-entrapped, polycation-condensed DNA (LPDI and LPDII). We review the various factors affecting vector structure and gene delivery efficiency, and we discuss the possible mechanisms of gene transfer and their implications in vector design.
基因治疗的临床应用取决于合适的基因传递载体（载体）的开发。尽管脂质载体等非病毒系统通常不如病毒载体有效，但它们具有潜在的优势，如毒性较小、对货物DNA大小无限制、具有潜在的靶向性且易于大量生产。更重要的是，脂质载体通常缺乏免疫原性，允许使用相同载体在体内进行重复转染。在本文中，我们将尝试总结脂质基因递送载体的一些最新进展。描述了三种类型的脂质基因传递载体：1）DNA/阳离子脂质体复合物，2）包裹在中性或阴离子脂质体中的DNA，以及3）脂质体包裹、聚阳离子凝聚的DNA（LPDI和LPDII）。我们回顾了影响载体结构和基因递送效率的各种因素，并讨论了基因传递的可能机制及其在载体设计中的意义。
