Zambonino Infante J L, Cahu C L, Peres A
Unité Mixte de Nutrition des Poissons IFREMER-INRA, Plouzané,
J Nutr. 1997 Apr;127(4):608-14. doi: 10.1093/jn/127.4.608.
To determine whether incorporation of peptides into diets can improve larval development, sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae were fed for 21 d one of three isonitrogenous, isoenergetic semipurified diets in which enzymatic hydrolysate (75% di- and tripeptides) of fish meal proteins was substituted for 0, 20 or 40% of native fish meal proteins. Growth and survival were significantly greater (P < 0.05) in larvae fed peptide diets compared to those fed only native protein, with the best performance exhibited by those fed the 20% level of peptides. Chymotrypsin activity was much higher in groups fed peptide diets compared to that fed all native protein (P < 0.001), indicating a greater proteolytic capacity of the pancreas. At the intestinal level, activities of the brush border enzymes, aminopeptidase, maltase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, increased with age while the cytosolic enzyme, leu-ala peptidase, decreased with age (P < 0.001). These changes in enzymatic activities correspond to the normal development of intestinal digestion. This development occurred earlier in the group fed 20% peptide-substituted diet than in the two other groups. The better larval performances observed in groups fed diets containing peptides can be related to the enhanced proteolytic capacity of the pancreas and the earlier development of intestinal digestion.
为了确定在饲料中添加肽是否能改善海鲈幼鱼的生长发育，用三种等氮、等能量的半纯化饲料之一喂养海鲈（欧洲鲈）幼鱼21天，这三种饲料中鱼粉蛋白的酶解产物（75%为二肽和三肽）分别替代了0%、20%或40%的天然鱼粉蛋白。与仅喂食天然蛋白的幼鱼相比，喂食含肽饲料的幼鱼生长和存活率显著更高（P < 0.05），其中喂食20%肽水平饲料的幼鱼表现最佳。与喂食全天然蛋白的组相比，喂食含肽饲料组的胰凝乳蛋白酶活性要高得多（P < 0.001），这表明胰腺的蛋白水解能力更强。在肠道水平，刷状缘酶、氨肽酶、麦芽糖酶和γ-谷氨酰转肽酶的活性随年龄增长而增加，而胞质酶亮氨酸-丙氨酸肽酶的活性则随年龄增长而降低（P < 0.001）。这些酶活性的变化与肠道消化的正常发育相对应。在喂食20%肽替代饲料的组中，这种发育比其他两组更早发生。在喂食含肽饲料的组中观察到的更好的幼鱼生长性能可能与胰腺蛋白水解能力的增强以及肠道消化的更早发育有关。
