Sege R D, Perry C, Stigol L, Cohen L, Griffith J, Cohn M, Spivak H
Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass., USA.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1997 Apr;151(4):392-7. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1997.02170410066009.
To determine whether newly developed anticipatory guidance materials designed to teach the use of time-outs and the importance of reductions in childhood television viewing would be recalled by parents and if their use would result in changes in self-reported parental behavior.
A total of 559 parents of children aged 14 months to 6 years recruited at the time of routine child health maintenance visits at 2 managed care pediatric departments in eastern Massachusetts.
In-person parent interviews were conducted in the waiting room prior to office visits, with follow-up telephone calls 2 to 3 weeks after the visit. Two groups of families were enrolled: a control group who received usual anticipatory guidance and an intervention group who received written materials. Intervention group providers were trained to include study topics during the office visit and to introduce the written materials.
Provider training and the provision of written materials increased the parents' specific recall of anticipatory guidance of at least 2 to 3 weeks following the office visit. This effect was specific to the areas of intervention and did not carry over to other commonly used topics of anticipatory guidance. Among parents who had never used a time-out prior to the office visit, there was a significant increase in the use of time-outs. Parents who received anticipatory guidance regarding the link between exposure to television violence and subsequent violence in children were somewhat more likely to report reductions in weekend television viewing than were parents in the control group, although this change was not statistically significant.
Certain parenting behaviors have been associated with subsequent violence. Brief, inexpensive anticipatory guidance in relevant areas, provided in the context of routine health supervision visits, appears to result in favorable short-term changes in parenting practices.
确定新开发的旨在教授使用暂停法以及减少儿童看电视时间重要性的预期指导材料是否会被家长记住，以及其使用是否会导致家长自我报告的行为发生变化。
在马萨诸塞州东部的2个管理式医疗儿科部门进行常规儿童健康维护访视时，招募了559名14个月至6岁儿童的家长。
在就诊前于候诊室对家长进行面对面访谈，并在访视后2至3周进行随访电话。招募了两组家庭：一组为接受常规预期指导的对照组，另一组为接受书面材料的干预组。干预组的医护人员接受了培训，以便在就诊期间纳入研究主题并介绍书面材料。
医护人员培训和提供书面材料增加了家长在就诊后至少2至3周对预期指导的具体记忆。这种效果特定于干预领域，并未扩展到其他常用的预期指导主题。在就诊前从未使用过暂停法的家长中，暂停法的使用显著增加。与对照组家长相比，接受过关于儿童接触电视暴力与随后暴力行为之间联系的预期指导的家长，报告周末看电视时间有所减少的可能性略高，尽管这一变化无统计学意义。
某些育儿行为与随后的暴力行为有关。在常规健康监督访视的背景下提供的相关领域简短、低成本的预期指导，似乎会导致育儿行为产生有利的短期变化。
