Sarpong S B, Wood R A, Karrison T, Eggleston P A
University of Chicago, Department of Pediatrics, IL 60649, USA.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1997 Apr;99(4):486-92. doi: 10.1016/s0091-6749(97)70074-5.
Cockroach allergen, Bla g 1, is an important indoor allergen. Although household exposure has been documented, little is known about the potential for exposure outside the home.
We investigated the settled dust concentration of Bla g 1 in 147 samples collected from classrooms, kitchens, cafeterias, and other sites in four primary schools in the city of Baltimore.
School authorities were questioned about characteristics of schools, teachers, and students, as well as cockroach control and cleaning procedures. Settled dust samples were collected with a hand-held vacuum cleaner from the floors of all classrooms, food-related areas, and other sites of the schools over a 3-week period. A sample collection in each school took 1 to 2 days. Dust samples from each room were pooled and analyzed as a single sample for Bla g 1 by using a two-site monoclonal ELISA.
One hundred two (69%) of the 147 samples had detectable Bla g 1 and were within the range reported by other investigators in inner city homes. There was no difference between the median levels of Bla g 1 in three schools: school 1 (5.2 U/gm), school 2 (3.0 U/gm), and school 4 (2.7 U/gm); but school 3 had a significantly lower level (< 0.8 U/gm, p < 0.001). The median level from the food-related areas was significantly higher than the median classroom level (p = 0.048). School 3 had fewer students on subsidized lunch, fewer African-American students, and fewer students per teacher. Bla g 1 levels were compared in the different schools while controlling for potential confounding variables by a stepwise multiple regression analysis with a logit model for ordinal responses. On the basis of this analysis, Bla g 1 levels in schools 1, 2, and 4 differed significantly from levels in school 3 (p < 0.001 in each case). Food-related areas had significantly higher levels than classrooms (p = 0.048). Floor level, the presence of a sink, and the presence of carpeting did not have significant effects.
We conclude that Bla g 1 is detectable at potentially significant concentrations in some inner city schools. Furthermore, the level of exposure is different between different schools and between sites within individual schools.
蟑螂过敏原Bla g 1是一种重要的室内过敏原。虽然已有家庭接触的记录，但对于家庭以外环境中的接触可能性却知之甚少。
我们调查了从巴尔的摩市四所小学的教室、厨房、自助餐厅及其他场所采集的147份样本中Bla g 1的沉降灰尘浓度。
就学校、教师和学生的特征以及蟑螂控制和清洁程序向学校当局进行询问。在3周时间内，用手持式真空吸尘器从所有教室、与食物相关的区域以及学校的其他场所的地面采集沉降灰尘样本。在每所学校的样本采集耗时1至2天。将每个房间的灰尘样本合并，并作为单个样本使用双位点单克隆ELISA法分析Bla g 1。
147份样本中有102份（69%）检测到Bla g 1，且处于其他研究人员报告的市中心家庭范围内。三所学校（学校1：5.2 U/gm、学校2：3.0 U/gm、学校4：2.7 U/gm）Bla g 1的中位数水平无差异；但学校3的水平显著较低（< 0.8 U/gm，p < 0.001）。与食物相关区域的中位数水平显著高于教室的中位数水平（p = 0.048）。学校3享受补贴午餐的学生较少、非裔美国学生较少且师生比更低。通过使用有序反应的logit模型进行逐步多元回归分析，在控制潜在混杂变量的同时比较不同学校的Bla g 1水平。基于该分析，学校1、2和4的Bla g 1水平与学校3的水平存在显著差异（每种情况p < 0.001）。与食物相关区域的水平显著高于教室（p = 0.048）。楼层、水槽的存在以及地毯的存在没有显著影响。
我们得出结论，在一些市中心学校中可检测到浓度可能较高的Bla g 1。此外，不同学校之间以及单个学校内不同场所的接触水平有所不同。
