Baxi Sachin N, Phipatanakul Wanda
Division of Immunology, Children's Hospital, Boston/Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Fegan 6, Boston, MA 02445, USA.
Adolesc Med State Art Rev. 2010 Apr;21(1):57-71, viii-ix.
Allergy testing and avoidance of allergens plays an important role in asthma control. Increased allergen exposure, in genetically susceptible individuals, can lead to allergic sensitization. Continued allergen exposure can increase the risk of asthma and other allergic diseases. In a patient with persistent asthma, identification of indoor and outdoor allergens and subsequent avoidance can improve symptoms. Often times, a patient will have multiple allergies and the avoidance plan should target all positive allergens. Several studies have shown that successful allergen remediation includes a comprehensive approach including education, cleaning, physical barriers, and maintaining these practices.
过敏测试及避免接触过敏原在哮喘控制中起着重要作用。对于基因易感性个体，增加过敏原暴露会导致过敏致敏。持续接触过敏原会增加患哮喘及其他过敏性疾病的风险。对于持续性哮喘患者，识别室内和室外过敏原并随后加以避免可改善症状。通常，患者会有多种过敏，避免计划应针对所有阳性过敏原。多项研究表明，成功的过敏原整治包括一种综合方法，涵盖教育、清洁、物理屏障以及维持这些做法。
