Biała G, Langwiński R
Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical Academy, Lublin, Poland.
Pol J Pharmacol. 1996 Jul-Aug;48(4):425-30.
Ethanol, morphine, cocaine and amphetamine were examined in place conditioning. After determination of initial preferences, animals were conditioned with ethanol (1 g/kg), morphine (5 mg/kg), cocaine (5 mg/kg) and amphetamine (5 mg/kg) alone or with combinations of these drugs plus naloxone (1 mg/kg). Naloxone prevented the ability of all drugs used to produce a place preference. The reinforcing properties of ethanol and morphine were reduced by sodium nitroprusside at a dose equal to 1/10 of LD50 given before preference testing. Molsidomine (1/10 LD50 and 1/20 LD50) altered the expression of the conditioned place preference produced by ethanol but not by morphine. Results of the present study suggest the involvement of endogenous opioids and probably of nitric oxide in the rewarding actions of drugs of abuse.
在位置偏爱实验中对乙醇、吗啡、可卡因和苯丙胺进行了研究。在确定初始偏好后，动物分别用乙醇（1克/千克）、吗啡（5毫克/千克）、可卡因（5毫克/千克）和苯丙胺（5毫克/千克）进行条件训练，或者用这些药物与纳洛酮（1毫克/千克）的组合进行条件训练。纳洛酮抑制了所有所用药物产生位置偏爱的能力。在偏好测试前给予等于LD50十分之一剂量的硝普钠，可降低乙醇和吗啡的强化特性。吗多明（LD50的十分之一和二十分之一）改变了由乙醇而非吗啡产生的条件性位置偏爱的表现。本研究结果表明内源性阿片类物质可能还有一氧化氮参与了滥用药物的奖赏作用。
