Aziz N H, Attia E S, Farag S A
National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Cairo, Egypt.
Nahrung. 1997 Feb;41(1):34-7. doi: 10.1002/food.19970410109.
A survey was carried out to obtain data on the occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxin in wheat and flour samples collected from local markets in Egypt and to study the influence of gamma-irradiation on controlling the occurrence of these mycotoxins in wheat, flour and bread. Deoxynivalenol (DON) was detected in five samples of wheat at levels ranging from 103 to 287 micrograms/kg and one sample each of flour and bread at concentrations 188 and 179 micrograms/kg. Zearalenone (ZEN) was detected in ten samples of wheat at levels from 28 to 42 micrograms/kg and four samples each of flour and bread at concentrations of 95 and 34 micrograms/kg, respectively. T-2 toxin was detected only in one sample each of wheat, flour and bread at concentrations of 2.9, 2.2 and 2.3 micrograms/kg, respectively. Gamma-irradiation at dose level of 6 kGy completely eliminated fungal flora in flour and wheat. DON, ZEN and T-2 toxin concentrations are reduced to 85, 20 and 2.0 micrograms/kg for wheat and to 125, 45 and 1.0 micrograms/kg for flour after 4 kGy exposure and a sharp drop in Fusarium toxin levels occurred at 6 kGy and as eliminated at 8 kGy. Bread prepared from 6 kGy was contaminated with Fusarium toxin at levels below 5 microgram/kg. It was noticed that gamma-irradiation reduce greatly the natural occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins in bread.
开展了一项调查，以获取埃及当地市场采集的小麦和面粉样本中镰刀菌霉菌毒素的发生数据，并研究γ射线辐照对控制小麦、面粉和面包中这些霉菌毒素发生情况的影响。在五个小麦样本中检测到脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON），含量范围为103至287微克/千克，在一个面粉样本和一个面包样本中也检测到了DON，浓度分别为188和179微克/千克。在十个小麦样本中检测到玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEN），含量为28至42微克/千克，在四个面粉样本和四个面包样本中也检测到了ZEN，浓度分别为95和34微克/千克。仅在一个小麦样本、一个面粉样本和一个面包样本中检测到T-2毒素，浓度分别为2.9、2.2和2.3微克/千克。6千戈瑞剂量水平的γ射线辐照完全消除了面粉和小麦中的真菌菌群。4千戈瑞辐照后，小麦中DON、ZEN和T-2毒素浓度分别降至85、20和2.0微克/千克，面粉中分别降至125、45和1.0微克/千克，在6千戈瑞时镰刀菌毒素水平急剧下降，在8千戈瑞时被消除。用6千戈瑞辐照的小麦制作的面包中镰刀菌毒素污染水平低于5微克/千克。值得注意的是，γ射线辐照大大降低了面包中镰刀菌霉菌毒素的自然发生率。
