Hwang H C, Stallones L, Keefe T J
Department of Environmental Health, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523, USA.
Inj Prev. 1997 Mar;3(1):35-7. doi: 10.1136/ip.3.1.35.
The purpose of this study is to describe and compare the distribution of injury deaths among rural and urban Colorado children that occurred between 1980-8.
Death certificates coded E800-E969 were obtained for children who were 0-14 years of age at death between 1980-8 and who were Colorado residents. Average annual rates were computed for rural and urban children, separately by gender. The 1980 census was used to compute rates. Rate ratios were calculated to summarize information related to specific external causes of deaths, contrasting rural and urban children. These differences were evaluated using Z tests.
Statistically significant elevated risks were found along rural children for motor vehicle injury deaths. Firearms were involved more often in rural deaths among unintentional injury deaths of children older than 4 years of age, and among homicide related deaths of children 5 years and younger. All rural children who committed suicide used a firearm.
Comparisons between rural and urban injury deaths provide important information that can be used to guide prevention strategies. For example, in Colorado, a child restraint law, passed in 1984, covered children under 4 years of age or under 40 pounds. It was not until 1995, however, that legislation was passed requiring restraint of children 5-16 years of age. Traditionally, rural residents are slower to accept new ideas and to alter current practices than urban residents.
本研究旨在描述和比较1980年至1988年间科罗拉多州农村和城市儿童中伤害死亡的分布情况。
获取了1980年至1988年间死亡时年龄在0至14岁且为科罗拉多州居民的儿童的死亡证明，编码为E800 - E969。分别按性别计算农村和城市儿童的年均死亡率。使用1980年人口普查数据来计算死亡率。计算率比以总结与特定外部死因相关的信息，对比农村和城市儿童。使用Z检验评估这些差异。
发现农村儿童在机动车伤害死亡方面存在统计学上显著升高的风险。在4岁以上儿童的非故意伤害死亡以及5岁及以下儿童的凶杀相关死亡中，农村死亡中涉及枪支的情况更为常见。所有自杀的农村儿童都使用了枪支。
农村和城市伤害死亡之间的比较提供了可用于指导预防策略的重要信息。例如，在科罗拉多州，1984年通过的一项儿童约束法涵盖4岁以下或体重40磅以下的儿童。然而，直到1995年才通过立法要求约束5至16岁的儿童。传统上，农村居民比城市居民更慢接受新观念并改变当前做法。
