Sterzl-Eckert H, Greim H
Institute of Toxicology, GSF-Research Center for Environment and Health, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany.
Food Chem Toxicol. 1996 Nov-Dec;34(11-12):1177-8. doi: 10.1016/s0278-6915(97)00095-1.
Regarding the risk evaluation of mixtures in the workplace, the Working Group discussed whether there is a need to consider combination effects at the workplace and whether there is sufficient information on combination toxicology to suggest a scientific strategy for the evaluation of any mixture at the workplace. It was concluded that analytical definition of the mixture is a basic prerequisite for evaluation. The Working Group agreed that there is a special situation at the workplace because chemical compounds may be present at concentrations close to their effective threshold level; therefore, combination effects have to be taken into consideration, as shown by the data presented during the conference. Furthermore, observed-effect levels for individual substances have to be modified if the substances have the same mode of action or have the same target organs; no modification is necessary if the opposite has been shown. It was also concluded that the scientific database to date is insufficient for the proposal of a general approach. The assumption of additivity in all cases lacking data may more or less over-estimate the risk.
关于工作场所混合物的风险评估，工作组讨论了是否有必要考虑工作场所的联合效应，以及是否有足够的联合毒理学信息来提出一种用于评估工作场所任何混合物的科学策略。得出的结论是，混合物的分析定义是评估的基本前提。工作组一致认为，工作场所有一种特殊情况，因为化合物可能以接近其有效阈值水平的浓度存在；因此，正如会议期间所展示的数据那样，必须考虑联合效应。此外，如果物质具有相同的作用模式或相同的靶器官，则必须修改个别物质的观察效应水平；如果已证明情况相反，则无需修改。还得出结论，迄今为止的科学数据库不足以提出一种通用方法。在所有缺乏数据的情况下假设具有相加性可能或多或少会高估风险。
