Schneider L G
Bull Schweiz Akad Med Wiss. 1977 Sep;33(4-6):211-25.
The epidemiological criteria of the present sylvatic rabies epizootic are shown using the situation in the Federal Republic of Germany and its neighbouring countries as an example. It is demonstrated that the fox plays the leading role in transmitting the disease to other animal species and remains the main vector in the epizootic. Mustelids are of secondary importance. Cervides, rodents and domestic animals are of no concern in the spread of rabies. Rabies control measures have to be aimed at the population reduction of but one species, the fox, since the frequency of rabies among this species is primarily dependent on the population density. Other wild carnivores especially badgers should be spared. Intensified shooting of foxes as a single control measure has proven ineffective. According to the results obtained in Central Europe, the gassing of fox dens, where applicable, has proven to be the best single measure regularly resulting in a decrease of rabies cases. In individual instances this has led to a complete extinction of rabies. The oral immunization of foxes is not yet regarded as acceptable; large-scale success with this method is not to be expected.
以德意志联邦共和国及其邻国的情况为例，展示了当前森林狂犬病流行的流行病学标准。结果表明，狐狸在将疾病传播给其他动物物种方面起主导作用，并且仍然是该流行病的主要传播媒介。鼬科动物的重要性次之。鹿科动物、啮齿动物和家畜在狂犬病传播中无关紧要。狂犬病控制措施必须仅针对狐狸这一物种的数量减少，因为该物种中狂犬病的发生率主要取决于种群密度。其他野生食肉动物，尤其是獾，应予以保留。作为单一控制措施，加大对狐狸的捕杀已证明无效。根据在中欧获得的结果，在适用的情况下，对狐狸洞穴进行毒气处理已证明是最佳的单一措施，经常会导致狂犬病病例减少。在个别情况下，这已导致狂犬病完全灭绝。狐狸的口服免疫尚未被认为是可接受的；预计这种方法不会取得大规模成功。
