Ocké M C, Bueno-de-Mesquita H B, Pols M A, Smit H A, van Staveren W A, Kromhout D
Department of Chronic Diseases and Environmental Epidemiology, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Int J Epidemiol. 1997;26 Suppl 1:S49-58. doi: 10.1093/ije/26.suppl_1.s49.
A self-administered semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was developed for the Dutch cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).
The reproducibility and relative validity of nutrient intake as assessed by this questionnaire were investigated in a population of 121 men and women. To assess the relative validity, 12 monthly 24-hour recalls served as reference method, together with four determinations of 24-hour urinary nitrogen excretion, predicted basal metabolic rate, and serum beta-carotene and alpha-tocopherol levels.
Protein and among women, energy intake were underestimated by the questionnaire compared to urinary nitrogen excretion and the basal metabolic rate, respectively. The underestimation for protein decreased with increasing protein intake. Pearson correlation coefficients between nutrient intakes assessed by repeated questionnaires ranged from 0.70 to 0.94 among men and from 0.59 to 0.94 among women. Correlation coefficients between nutrient intakes assessed by the questionnaire and 24-hour recalls ranged from 0.26 to 0.83 for men and from 0.35 to 0.90 for women, with medians of 0.59 and 0.58, respectively. Correlation coefficients between 0.2 and 0.5 were observed for beta-carotene and vitamin C for men and for beta-carotene and vitamin E for women. Associations with serum beta-carotene (r = -0.16 for men; 0.13 for women) and alpha-tocopherol (0.23 and 0.15, respectively) were much poorer than those obtained with 24-hour recalls. Correlations between protein intake and 24-hour urinary nitrogen excretion were 0.47 and 0.53, respectively.
The FFQ seems adequate for ranking subjects according to intake of energy, macronutrients, dietary fibre and retinol, but it does not yield such good results for beta-carotene, vitamin C for men, vitamin E for women.
为欧洲癌症与营养前瞻性调查（EPIC）的荷兰队列开发了一份自行填写的半定量食物频率问卷（FFQ）。
在121名男性和女性人群中调查了该问卷评估的营养素摄入量的重复性和相对有效性。为评估相对有效性，以12次每月24小时膳食回顾作为参考方法，同时进行4次24小时尿氮排泄、预测基础代谢率以及血清β-胡萝卜素和α-生育酚水平的测定。
与尿氮排泄和基础代谢率相比，该问卷低估了蛋白质摄入量，在女性中还低估了能量摄入量。蛋白质摄入量的低估程度随蛋白质摄入量增加而降低。重复问卷评估的营养素摄入量之间的Pearson相关系数在男性中为0.70至0.94，在女性中为0.59至0.94。问卷评估的营养素摄入量与24小时膳食回顾之间的相关系数在男性中为0.26至0.83，在女性中为0.35至0.90，中位数分别为0.59和0.58。男性中β-胡萝卜素和维生素C以及女性中β-胡萝卜素和维生素E的相关系数在0.2至0.5之间。与血清β-胡萝卜素（男性r = -0.16；女性r = 0.13）和α-生育酚（分别为0.23和0.15）的相关性远低于24小时膳食回顾的结果。蛋白质摄入量与24小时尿氮排泄之间的相关性分别为0.47和0.53。
FFQ似乎足以根据能量、宏量营养素、膳食纤维和视黄醇的摄入量对受试者进行排名，但对于β-胡萝卜素、男性的维生素C、女性的维生素E，其结果不太理想。
