Mills J N, Ksiazek T G, Ellis B A, Rollin P E, Nichol S T, Yates T L, Gannon W L, Levy C E, Engelthaler D M, Davis T, Tanda D T, Frampton J W, Nichols C R, Peters C J, Childs J E
Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1997 Mar;56(3):273-84. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1997.56.273.
The distribution and prevalence of antibody reactive with Sin Nombre virus were determined in mammals in biotic communities of the southwestern United States. Small mammals (n = 3,069) of 69 species were trapped in nine communities from lower Sonoran desert to alpine tundra. Antibody was found in rodents from all communities (overall prevalence = 6.3%); prevalence was lowest at the altitudinal and climatic extremes (0.4% in desert and 2.0% in alpine tundra). Antibody occurred in 11% of 928 deer mice, 20% of 355 brush mice, 23% of 35 western harvest mice, and 12% of 24 Mexican voles. No infected deer mice were found in desert habitat; prevalence varied from 4% in chaparral to 17% in pinyon-juniper. Brush mice were frequently infected in chaparral and montane forest (25%). Seropositivity was higher in males and in heavier animals, suggesting horizontal transmission among adult males. Decreasing prevalence with age among the youngest deer mice suggests that infected dams confer passive immunity to pups.
在美国西南部生物群落的哺乳动物中，测定了与辛诺柏病毒反应的抗体的分布和流行情况。从低索诺兰沙漠到高山冻原的9个群落中捕获了69种小型哺乳动物（n = 3,069）。在所有群落的啮齿动物中均发现了抗体（总体流行率 = 6.3%）；在海拔和气候极端地区流行率最低（沙漠中为0.4%，高山冻原为2.0%）。在928只鹿鼠中有11%、355只灌丛鼠中有20%、35只西部收获鼠中有23%以及24只墨西哥田鼠中有12%检测出抗体。在沙漠栖息地未发现受感染的鹿鼠；流行率从矮橡树林的4%到矮松-杜松林的17%不等。灌丛鼠在矮橡树林和山地森林中感染频繁（25%）。雄性和较重动物的血清阳性率较高，表明成年雄性之间存在水平传播。最年幼的鹿鼠中流行率随年龄下降，表明受感染的母鼠为幼崽提供了被动免疫。
