Emrich H M, Leweke F M, Schneider U
Department of Clinical Psychiatry, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1997 Apr;56(4):803-7. doi: 10.1016/s0091-3057(96)00426-1.
Cognitive impairments during psychotic episodes are assumed to be caused not only by one single putative classical neurotransmitter dysfunction but also by an impaired equilibrium of the interaction between different neurobiological generators of cognitive processes. Herein, the perceptual abnormalities induced by psychotogenic agents play a major role as tools for the understanding of model psychoses. The recently discovered cannabinoid receptor system with its endogenous ligand anandamide can be regarded as an extremely relevant regulator system, a dysfunctionality of which may explain at least one subtype of endogenous psychoses. Neuropsychological results (three-dimensional inversion illusion) in delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol-intoxicated normal volunteers exhibit strong similarities with data acquired from patients suffering from productive schizophrenic psychoses, regarding disturbances in internal regulation of perceptual processes. The relevance of this finding to a general cognitive dysfunction concept of schizophrenic psychosis is discussed.
精神病发作期间的认知障碍被认为不仅是由单一假定的经典神经递质功能障碍引起的，还由认知过程的不同神经生物学发生器之间相互作用的平衡受损所致。在此，致幻剂诱发的感知异常作为理解模型精神病的工具发挥着重要作用。最近发现的大麻素受体系统及其内源性配体花生四烯乙醇胺可被视为一个极其相关的调节系统，其功能失调可能至少解释了一种内源性精神病亚型。在感知过程的内部调节紊乱方面，δ9-四氢大麻酚中毒的正常志愿者的神经心理学结果（三维反转错觉）与从患有阳性精神分裂症的患者获得的数据有很强的相似性。本文讨论了这一发现与精神分裂症精神病的一般认知功能障碍概念的相关性。
