Bhat R V, Shetty P H, Amruth R P, Sudershan R V
Food and Drug Toxicology Research Centre, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India.
J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1997;35(3):249-55. doi: 10.3109/15563659709001208.
Unseasonal rains beginning in 1995 damaged the maize and sorghum crops harvested in a few villages of the Deccan plateau in India. Human consumption of those grains resulted in a foodborne disease outbreak characterized by abdominal pain, borborygmi and diarrhea.
A rapid epidemiological survey was conducted in the affected villages and a detailed house to house survey in selected villages.
People in 27 out of 50 villages surveyed were affected and disease was seen only in households and subjects consuming the rain damaged moldy sorghum or maize. The disease was self limiting. Diarrhea was reproduced in day old cockerels fed contaminated grains from affected households. All 20 sorghum and 12 maize samples collected from affected households had Fusarium sp. as the dominant mycoflora and contained fumonisin B1 in the range of 0.14-7.8 mg/kg and 0.25-64.7 mg/kg, respectively. In contrast, samples collected from unaffected households had fumonisin B1 in low levels ranging from 0.07-0.36 mg/kg and 0.05-0.24 mg/kg, respectively.
The higher water activity in the grains left in the field following harvest led to the production of high levels of fumonisin B1 and consumption of such grains by humans resulted in the disease.
始于1995年的非季节性降雨破坏了印度德干高原一些村庄收获的玉米和高粱作物。人类食用这些谷物导致了一场食源性疾病暴发，其特征为腹痛、腹鸣和腹泻。
在受影响的村庄进行了快速流行病学调查，并在选定村庄逐户进行了详细调查。
在接受调查的50个村庄中，有27个村庄的居民受到影响，且疾病仅出现在食用了受雨水损害的发霉高粱或玉米的家庭和个体中。该疾病具有自限性。用来自受影响家庭的受污染谷物喂养一日龄公鸡，可引发腹泻。从受影响家庭采集的所有20份高粱样本和12份玉米样本中，镰刀菌属为主要菌群，伏马毒素B1含量分别在0.14 - 7.8毫克/千克和0.25 - 64.7毫克/千克范围内。相比之下，从未受影响家庭采集到的样本中伏马毒素B1含量较低，分别在0.07 - 0.36毫克/千克和0.05 - 0.24毫克/千克范围内。
收获后留在田间的谷物中较高的水分活度导致了高水平伏马毒素B1的产生，人类食用此类谷物引发了该疾病。
