Horowitz M J
Int J Psychoanal Psychother. 1977;6:99-112.
The ideas and feelings that a patient usually avoids gain expression in therapy as words, images, or acts. The model presented of these representational systems conceptualizes defensive processes as information processing decisions at the boundaries of particular systems and describes in detail the cognitive maneuvers that regulate image formation. Specification of these operations allows for acute observation and selective wording of the interpretation and direction on the part of the therapist that may help a patient override unconscious defenses by conscious choice.
患者通常会回避的想法和感受在治疗中以言语、意象或行为的形式得以表达。所呈现的关于这些表征系统的模型将防御过程概念化为特定系统边界处的信息处理决策，并详细描述了调节意象形成的认知策略。对这些操作的明确说明有助于治疗师进行敏锐的观察，并对解释和指导进行有针对性的措辞，从而可能帮助患者通过有意识的选择来克服无意识防御。
