Sallustio G, Galli M R, Pesti E E, Tomao R
Istituto di Radiologia, Università Cattolica del S. Cuore, Policlinico A. Gemelli, Roma, Italy.
Rays. 1997 Jan-Mar;22(1):38-50.
In the course of the years the concept of functional radiology has gradually been developed. It represents the integration of chest radiography with some basic concepts of respiratory pathophysiology. The correlation between the higher vascularization at the bases of lung as compared to the apex with the gravitation factor was the initial reference. From this data, combined with physiologic parameters, over the years, relatively simple but diagnostically significant semeiotic findings were achieved. The different combinations of acquired "morphofunctional" signs allow the differential diagnosis in a number of organic and hemodynamic alterations, adding to conventional "morphologic" radiology. New contributions to the functional radiology of the lung might come from procedures as high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) which with the dynamic study supplies morphologic and densitometric information to be correlated with changes in pulmonary flow and ventilation/perfusion ratio.
多年来，功能放射学的概念逐渐得到发展。它代表了胸部X线摄影与呼吸病理生理学的一些基本概念的整合。与重力因素相关的肺底部比肺尖部血管化程度更高，这是最初的参考依据。从这些数据出发，结合生理参数，多年来获得了相对简单但具有诊断意义的体征。所获得的“形态功能”征象的不同组合有助于对多种器质性和血流动力学改变进行鉴别诊断，这是对传统“形态学”放射学的补充。肺部功能放射学的新进展可能来自高分辨率计算机断层扫描（HRCT）等检查方法，通过动态研究，HRCT可提供形态学和密度测定信息，以便与肺血流及通气/灌注比的变化相关联。
