Janssen T W, van Oers C A, Rozendaal E P, Willemsen E M, Hollander A P, van der Woude L H
Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1996 May;28(5):551-9. doi: 10.1097/00005768-199605000-00003.
To determine longitudinal changes in physical capacity and physical strain during activities of daily living (ADL), 37 men with spinal cord injuries (C4/5-L5) performed an exercise test and various ADL on two occasions (T1 and T2; interval 34.5 +/- 1.5 months). Parameters of physical capacity were aerobic power (VO(2peak)) and maximal power output (PO(max)). Physical strain was estimated by the heart rate response relative to the heart rate reserve. VO(2peak) at T2 (1.75 +/- 0.55 1min(1)) did not significantly differ from that at T1 (1.67 + 0.47 1min(-1)). Absolute PO max improved (P < 0.05) from 64.9 +/- 25.9 (T1) to 71.7 +/- 27.2 W (T2), whereas relative PO(max) did not change. Activity level, time since injury, change in body mass, and occurrence of rehospitalization were the most important predictors of changes in physical capacity. Changes in relative VO(2peak) were related (P < 0.05) to changes in strain during transfers to the shower wheelchair (r = -0.39) and shower seat (r = -0.46), and during the curb ascent (r = -0.47). In conclusion, the hypothesized decline in physical capacity did not occur over the 3-yr period. Maintenance of physical capacity, which may in part be achieved through sport participation and improved medical care, together with avoidance of excessive body mass, may be useful to prevent high levels of strain during ADL.
为了确定日常生活活动（ADL）期间身体能力和身体应激的纵向变化，37名脊髓损伤（C4/5-L5）男性在两个时间点（T1和T2；间隔34.5±1.5个月）进行了运动测试和各种ADL。身体能力参数为有氧功率（VO₂peak）和最大功率输出（POmax）。通过相对于心率储备的心率反应来估计身体应激。T2时的VO₂peak（1.75±0.55 l·min⁻¹）与T1时（1.67 + 0.47 l·min⁻¹）无显著差异。绝对POmax从64.9±25.9（T1）提高到71.7±27.2 W（T2）（P < 0.05），而相对POmax没有变化。活动水平、受伤时间、体重变化和再次住院的发生是身体能力变化的最重要预测因素。相对VO₂peak的变化与转移到淋浴轮椅（r = -0.39）和淋浴座椅（r = -0.46）以及路缘上升期间（r = -0.47）的应激变化相关（P < 0.05）。总之，在3年期间未出现假设的身体能力下降。身体能力的维持（部分可通过参与运动和改善医疗护理来实现），以及避免体重过重，可能有助于预防ADL期间的高强度应激。
