Jeka J J
Department of Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Maryland at College Park 20742-2611, USA.
Phys Ther. 1997 May;77(5):476-87. doi: 10.1093/ptj/77.5.476.
Canes and crutches are commonly used mobility aids, and most studies of their use have focused on issues equating support with the resulting decrease in force required of the affected limb. Clinicians, however, often observe patients with poor balance control using light touch of surrounding objects and surfaces to stabilize themselves while standing and walking. A series of studies have shown that sensory input to the hand and arm through contact cues at the fingertip or through a cane can reduce postural sway in individuals who have no impairments and in patients without a functioning vestibular system, even when contact force levels are inadequate to provide physical support of the body. This article summarizes these results, which have implications for design considerations of rehabilitation aids. Mobility devices or rehabilitation aids that provide feedback about applied force or enhance existing resolution of applied force changes across the skin surface may lead to new rehabilitation techniques.
手杖和拐杖是常用的助行器具，大多数关于其使用的研究都集中在将支撑与受影响肢体所需力量的相应减少等同起来的问题上。然而，临床医生经常观察到平衡控制较差的患者在站立和行走时通过轻触周围物体和表面来稳定自己。一系列研究表明，通过指尖的接触线索或通过手杖对手和手臂的感觉输入可以减少没有损伤的个体以及没有正常前庭系统的患者的姿势摆动，即使接触力水平不足以提供身体的物理支撑。本文总结了这些结果，这些结果对康复辅助器具的设计考虑具有启示意义。能够提供关于施加力的反馈或增强皮肤表面施加力变化的现有分辨率的移动设备或康复辅助器具可能会带来新的康复技术。
