Bass T L, Miller P K, Campbell D B, Russell G B
Division of General Surgery, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, USA.
Chest Surg Clin N Am. 1997 May;7(2):429-42.
ARDS is the pulmonary manifestation of both direct and indirect insults to the lung. Trauma patients are at particular risk for ARDS from the direct effects of their injuries, as well as from complications that may occur during their hospital courses. ARDS prevention can be enhanced through diverse areas of medical focus. Public health issues addressing trauma prevention, improved understanding and treatment of trauma-related pathophysiology, as well as a better understanding of basic pathophysiology of this disease process will allow refinement and improvement of our management practices. Newer modes of mechanical ventilation may help us to avoid ventilator-induced exacerbation of lung injury. As we define the role of nonconventional therapies, such as anti-inflammatory and anticytokine therapies, our ability to actively interrupt and reverse the progression of the inflammatory cascade will be enhanced. As yet, ARDS continues to be a challenging disease process to both fully understand and successfully treat in our critically ill patients.
急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）是肺部受到直接和间接损伤后的肺部表现。创伤患者因损伤的直接影响以及住院期间可能出现的并发症，特别容易发生ARDS。通过不同的医学关注领域可以加强ARDS的预防。解决创伤预防的公共卫生问题、更好地理解和治疗创伤相关的病理生理学，以及更深入地了解该疾病过程的基本病理生理学，将有助于改进我们的管理实践。更新的机械通气模式可能有助于我们避免呼吸机诱发的肺损伤加重。随着我们明确非传统疗法（如抗炎和抗细胞因子疗法）的作用，我们积极阻断和逆转炎症级联反应进展的能力将得到增强。迄今为止，ARDS仍然是一个极具挑战性的疾病过程，无论是要全面理解还是成功治疗我们的重症患者都很困难。
