Consoli S
Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
Pathol Biol (Paris). 1996 Dec;44(10):875-81.
The concept of stress was developed based on data from experimental pathology and psychology studies. Selye defined stress and described the physiologic changes induced by stress, under the designation "general adaptation syndrome". The interactive aspect of stress has since then been emphasized. Stress results from a unique interaction between a thinking individual and a physical or social environment. The presence in humans of a mental apparatus capable of thinking, reminiscing, and fantasizing accounts for the specific features of stress as a clinical condition. It follows that psychosomatic dermatology cannot be satisfied with defining and documenting stress, with establishing a link between stress and a disorder of the skin (an organ that plays a unique role in communication), and with evaluating the biological mechanism underlying the skin lesions. Another essential goal is to understand why an individual patient, with his or her unique history, develops a skin disorder as a manifestation of an inability to cope with adversity. Two psychologic factors should be taken into account in dermatology, namely stress and the personality of the person subjected to the stress. What makes a life event stressful is often the personality of the subject experiencing the event.
应激概念是基于实验病理学和心理学研究数据而形成的。塞利对压力进行了定义，并描述了在“一般适应综合征”这一名称下压力所引发的生理变化。从那时起，应激的交互作用方面就得到了强调。应激源于一个有思维能力的个体与物理或社会环境之间独特的相互作用。人类拥有能够思考、回忆和幻想的心理机制，这就解释了应激作为一种临床状况的具体特征。因此，心身皮肤病学不能仅仅满足于定义和记录应激、建立应激与皮肤疾病（在交流中发挥独特作用的器官）之间的联系，以及评估皮肤病变背后的生物学机制。另一个重要目标是理解为什么某个特定患者，基于其独特的经历，会出现皮肤疾病，作为其无法应对逆境的一种表现。在皮肤病学中应考虑两个心理因素，即应激以及遭受应激者的个性。往往是经历某一生活事件的个体的个性使得该事件产生压力。
