Hamer R
Department of Student Health, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA.
South Med J. 1997 May;90(5):548-51. doi: 10.1097/00007611-199705000-00019.
Exertional rhabdomyolysis occurs when exercise, often of the eccentric type, damages myofibrils and sarcolemma, with release of the enzyme creatine kinase and pigmented myoglobin into the serum. Severe muscle soreness and dark urine are the hallmark symptoms, and renal failure may develop. Formerly a disease of military recruits, it is now seen more often in exercisers. Although a genetic trait may predispose, the illness probably can be avoided by common sense behavior such as a gradual increase in exercise intensity, proper hydration before, during, and after exercise, and avoiding exercise in extremely hot or humid environments.
运动性横纹肌溶解症发生于运动时，通常是离心性运动，会损伤肌原纤维和肌膜，导致肌酸激酶和色素性肌红蛋白释放到血清中。严重的肌肉酸痛和深色尿液是其标志性症状，还可能发展为肾衰竭。以前此病多见于新兵，现在在运动人群中更为常见。虽然遗传特质可能是一个诱因，但通过一些常识性的行为，如逐渐增加运动强度、在运动前、中、后适当补水，以及避免在酷热或潮湿环境中运动，或许可以避免该病的发生。
