Saxena S
Department of Psychiatry, All-India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Addiction. 1997 Mar;92 Suppl 1:S43-8.
Although most of the developing countries currently have a lower overall per capita consumption of alcohol than the European countries, the rapid rate of increase in recent years is highly significant from a public health perspective. Excessive alcohol consumption in developing countries leads to substantial negative effects on the health and also on the quality of life of the drinking individuals and their families. It also causes massive direct and indirect costs to these countries that they can ill-afford. Europe has played a major facilitatory role for alcohol consumption in the developing countries and its continues to have considerable influence directly and indirectly even now. Increased international cooperation on scientific as well as policy issues is likely to achieve the twin aims of limiting alcohol use and preventing alcohol-related health and social problems not only in Europe but all over the world, including in the developing countries. Important initial steps in this direction may be increased exchange of information, developing compatible policies and evolving culturally relevant public health measures. In order to achieve any success in limiting alcohol related problems, the need to keep a global perspective on alcohol is paramount.
尽管目前大多数发展中国家的人均酒精消费量总体上低于欧洲国家，但近年来的快速增长速度从公共卫生角度来看非常重要。发展中国家的过度酒精消费对健康以及饮酒者及其家庭的生活质量都产生了重大负面影响。这也给这些国家带来了巨大的直接和间接成本，而这些成本是它们难以承受的。欧洲在发展中国家的酒精消费方面发挥了主要的推动作用，即使现在仍直接或间接地产生着相当大的影响。在科学和政策问题上加强国际合作，不仅有可能在欧洲，而且在包括发展中国家在内的全世界实现限制酒精使用以及预防与酒精相关的健康和社会问题这两个目标。朝着这个方向迈出的重要初步步骤可能包括加强信息交流、制定兼容的政策以及制定与文化相关的公共卫生措施。为了在限制与酒精相关的问题上取得任何成功，对酒精保持全球视野至关重要。
