Géraud M
Psychiatre des hôpitaux. CHG de Libourne, Hôpital Garderose.
Encephale. 1997 Jan;23 Spec No 1:12-9.
From 1899 to 1913, Emil Kraepelin (1856-1926) creates and elaborates the nosographical group of the "manic-depressive insanity". In the 50-60s, Leonhard splits off this homogeneous group and describes unipolar psychosis, bipolar psychosis and cycloïd psychosis (anxiety-elation psychosis, motility psychosis and confusion psychosis). Recent nosographical orientations seem to announce a come-back to Kraepelin's conception of "mood disorders". This paper presents the essential of Kraepelin's "manic-depressive insanity" theory-temperamental basis, integration of mixed states, epidemiological datas- and highlights its dialectical relations with today's theory of bipolarity.
从1899年到1913年，埃米尔·克雷佩林（1856 - 1926）创立并阐述了“躁狂抑郁症”的疾病分类学类别。在50 - 60年代，莱昂哈德将这个同质类别划分出来，并描述了单相精神病、双相精神病和环性精神病（焦虑-欣快精神病、运动性精神病和混乱性精神病）。最近的疾病分类学取向似乎预示着要回归到克雷佩林关于“情绪障碍”的概念。本文介绍了克雷佩林“躁狂抑郁症”理论的要点——气质基础、混合状态的整合、流行病学数据——并突出了其与当今双相性理论的辩证关系。
