Urwijitaroon Y, Barusrux S, Romphruk A, Puapairoj C, Pakote L
Blood Transfusion Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1996 Sep;27(3):452-6.
A cross sectional study was conducted to evaluate the validity of implementing a blood donor self-deferral form for reducing the risk of HIV transmission through blood transfusion. The self-deferral form which was given to all blood donors, included questions about HIV risk factors in the three month period prior to blood donation. Donors were asked to declare confidentially whether their blood was safe for transfusion or not. Blood was collected and examined for HIV antigen, anti-HIV antibodies, HBsAg and syphilis antibodies. All of the serological markers detected among high risk donors and general donors were compared and analysed by Yates corrected X2 test and one-tailed Fisher's exact test with a significance level of 0.05. There were 401 self-deferred high risk donors and 15,523 general donors. The HIV antigen was found as a single marker in only one male high risk individual. The prevalence of anti-HIV antibodies, HBsAg and syphilis antibodies among the general donors was 0.61%, 5.29% and 1.17%, respectively. The anti-HIV, HBsAg and syphilis antibodies in the high risk donors were 1.99%, 7.98% and 1.25%, respectively. In comparison with the general donors, the high risk donors demonstrated statistically significant higher prevalence rates of HIV antigen (p < 0.05), anti-HIV (p < 0.005) and HBsAg (p < 0.05). In conclusion, donor self-deferral is valid for reducing the risk of HIV transmission through blood transfusion and its implementation should be encouraged when recruiting blood donors.
开展了一项横断面研究，以评估实施献血者自我延期表格对于降低通过输血传播艾滋病毒风险的有效性。提供给所有献血者的自我延期表格包含了关于献血前三个月内艾滋病毒风险因素的问题。要求献血者保密申报其血液用于输血是否安全。采集血液并检测艾滋病毒抗原、抗艾滋病毒抗体、乙肝表面抗原和梅毒抗体。对高危献血者和普通献血者中检测到的所有血清学标志物进行比较，并采用Yates校正X2检验和单尾Fisher精确检验进行分析，显著性水平为0.05。有401名自我延期的高危献血者和15523名普通献血者。仅在一名男性高危个体中发现艾滋病毒抗原作为单一标志物。普通献血者中抗艾滋病毒抗体、乙肝表面抗原和梅毒抗体的流行率分别为0.61%、5.29%和1.17%。高危献血者中抗艾滋病毒、乙肝表面抗原和梅毒抗体分别为1.99%、7.98%和1.25%。与普通献血者相比，高危献血者的艾滋病毒抗原（p < 0.05）、抗艾滋病毒（p < 0.005）和乙肝表面抗原（p < 0.05）流行率在统计学上显著更高。总之，献血者自我延期对于降低通过输血传播艾滋病毒的风险是有效的，在招募献血者时应鼓励实施。
