Gatesy J, Amato G, Vrba E, Schaller G, DeSalle R
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA.
Mol Phylogenet Evol. 1997 Jun;7(3):303-19. doi: 10.1006/mpev.1997.0402.
There is a huge data base of genetic information for the domestic artiodactyl species Bos taurus (cow), Ovis aries (sheep), and Capra hircus (goat). However, the phylogenetic relationships of these economically critical taxa and their close relatives, family Bovidae, remain for the most part unresolved. In this report, we aligned new mitochondrial (mt) 12S and 16S ribosomal (r) DNA sequences from 26 bovid taxa with published sequences. Phylogenetic analyses of the more than 64 kilobases of mt rDNA from 57 taxa support a basal division in the Bovidae that separates Bos and its close relatives from Capra, Ovis, and their kin. As suggested by previous molecular and morphological studies, "antelopes" are a paraphyletic assemblage. Caprinae (sheep, goats, goat antelopes, and musk oxen) groups consistently with hippotragine and alcelaphine antelopes, while Bovini (cattle and buffaloes) clusters with tragelaphine and boselaphine antelopes. The traditional tribal subdivisions of Bovidae are supported in most cases, but there are exceptions within Caprinae and Antilopinae (gazelles and close relatives). The rDNA data consistently place the enigmatic genera Pelea, Pantholops, and Saiga, but the origin of Aepyceros, the impala, remains obscure. Combined phylogenetic analyses of the rDNA data with the skeletal characters of Gentry (1992) were used to assess the stability of the molecular results.
对于家畜偶蹄目物种牛（Bos taurus）、绵羊（Ovis aries）和山羊（Capra hircus），存在一个庞大的遗传信息数据库。然而，这些具有重要经济意义的分类单元及其近缘亲属——牛科的系统发育关系在很大程度上仍未得到解决。在本报告中，我们将26个牛科分类单元的新线粒体（mt）12S和16S核糖体（r）DNA序列与已发表的序列进行了比对。对来自57个分类单元的超过64千碱基的线粒体rDNA进行的系统发育分析支持了牛科的一个基部划分，该划分将牛及其近缘亲属与山羊、绵羊及其亲属区分开来。正如先前的分子和形态学研究所表明的，“羚羊”是一个并系类群。羊亚科（绵羊、山羊、山羊羚羊和麝牛）与马羚亚科和狷羚亚科羚羊始终归为一组，而牛亚科（牛和水牛）则与薮羚亚科和牛薮羚亚科羚羊聚在一起。牛科传统的族级分类在大多数情况下得到了支持，但在羊亚科和羚羊亚科（瞪羚及其近缘亲属）内部存在例外。rDNA数据始终确定了神秘的岩羚属（Pelea）、藏羚属（Pantholops）和高鼻羚羊属（Saiga）的位置，但黑斑羚属（Aepyceros），即黑斑羚的起源仍然不明。将rDNA数据与金特里（1992年）的骨骼特征进行联合系统发育分析，以评估分子结果的稳定性。
